Remains of ar-Raqqa Wall built of mud brick

Remains of ar-Raqqa Wall built of mud brick

Raqqa, a side of Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa, a side of Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Column capitel with plant motifs

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Column capitel with plant motifs

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, star-shaped fountain in centre of the courtyard

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, star-shaped fountain in centre of the courtyard

Raqqa, A side of Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa, A side of Qasr al-Banat

ar-Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, the northern iwan

ar-Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, the northern iwan

Habuba Kabira, how three cantilever domes are connected (two cantilever domes are posed on a relieving arch)

Habuba Kabira, how three cantilever domes are connected (two cantilever domes are posed on a relieving arch)

East of the Ghuta, rural houses in the Marj area

East of the Ghuta, rural houses in the Marj area

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, documentation sheet of courtyard with northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, documentation sheet of courtyard with northern Iwan

Habuba Kabira, the new dome house has received its first plaster layer

Habuba Kabira, the new dome house has received its first plaster layer

Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, the current prayer hall was part of ِAleppo's Byzantine cathedral

Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, the current prayer hall was part of ِAleppo’s Byzantine cathedral

Damage pattern, water infiltration, on render on brick masonry, Old city center, Warsaw, Poland

Fig. 26, Catalogue of Damage

General view of Jaʿbar castle

General view of Jaʿbar castle

Afamiya, Northern Roman baths

Afamiya, Northern Roman baths

Afamiya, Northern Roman baths

Afamiya, Northern Roman baths

At-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Entrance of a bastion with loopholes

At-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Entrance of a bastion with loopholes

Remains of Islamic Jaʿbar castle

Remains of Islamic Jaʿbar castle

At-Tabqa , Minaret of the Mosque at Jaʿbar Castle.

At-Tabqa , Minaret of the Mosque at Jaʿbar Castle.

Remains of Islamic Jaʿbar castle

Remains of Islamic Jaʿbar castle

Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.

Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.

Habuba Kabira, view into a plastered cantilever dome with openings and decorative layer

Habuba Kabira, view into a plastered cantilever dome with openings and decorative layer

Raqqa, Qasr (Palace) al-Banat, an octagonal basin in the centre of the courtyard

Raqqa, Qasr (Palace) al-Banat, an octagonal basin in the centre of the courtyard

at-Tabqa , a view to the Euphrates from Jaʿbar Castle

at-Tabqa , a view to the Euphrates from Jaʿbar Castle

The dome house in Taanayel: final touches

The dome house in Taanayel: final touches

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, clay decoration

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, clay decoration

Raqqa, The ruins of Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa, The ruins of Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa -Qasr al-Banat, clay decorations

Raqqa -Qasr al-Banat, clay decorations

The minaret of Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.

The minaret of Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.

Aerial photo of al-ʿAtiq mosque, ar-Raqqa

Aerial photo of al-ʿAtiq mosque, ar-Raqqa

The inner façade of Baghdad Gate, Raqqa

The inner façade of Baghdad Gate, Raqqa