Abacus of collapse mechanisms of churches, lines of vulnerability, San Salvatore a Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig.17-b-1a_collapse mechanism, overturning of the facade

Village houses with courtyards in Mishrifa (ancient Qatna)

Village houses with courtyards in Mishrifa (ancient Qatna)

Maize field adjacent to the houses of Mishrifa village on top of the city wall of Qatna

Maize field adjacent to the houses of Mishrifa village on top of the city wall of Qatna

Tall al-Mishrifa (ancient Qatna), view of the historic citywall, within which the village is located

Tall al-Mishrifa (ancient Qatna), view of the historic citywall, within which the village is located

Kharbaqa Dam: One of the dams that were built to limit seasonal flood waters in the Badiyya

Kharbaqa Dam: One of the dams that were built to limit seasonal flood waters in the Badiyya

Remains of the gateway of the Umayyad complex at Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi

Remains of the gateway of the Umayyad complex at Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi

Decoration detail on the Arch of Triumph (Qaws Hadrian)

Decoration detail on the Arch of Triumph (Qaws Hadrian)

Arch of Triumph (Qaws Hadrian) from the inside

Arch of Triumph (Qaws Hadrian) from the inside

A side of Kharbaqa Dam, spring

A side of Kharbaqa Dam, spring

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

The gate of the northeastern wall, Agora

The gate of the northeastern wall, Agora

View from southwest, Agora

View from southwest, Agora

View to the proscenium and scaenae frons, Palmyra Theater, 2nd c. AD

View to the proscenium and scaenae frons, Palmyra Theater, 2nd c. AD

Corinthian capital of a pillar, Agora

Corinthian capital of a pillar, Agora

Detail of decorations, Agora

Detail of decorations, Agora

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

A side of Agora

A side of Agora

Kharbaqa Dam: One of the dams that were built to limit seasonal flood waters in the Badia

Kharbaqa Dam: One of the dams that were built to limit seasonal flood waters in the Badia

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Peasants returning home from work in their palm grove passing by Bel temple

Peasants returning home from work in their palm grove passing by Bel temple

The Byzantine Tower in Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi

The Byzantine Tower in Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi

Raʾs al-ʿAyn, view from the garden to the late Ottoman house, situated on a slope

Raʾs al-ʿAyn, view from the garden to the late Ottoman house, situated on a slope

Rubble stone with carved Arabic inscription

Rubble stone with carved Arabic inscription in Aleppo

A distant view of the coastal mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)

A distant view of the coastal mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)

View, from south, at northern overbuilt part of Suq (bazaar) of Khan al-Harir (Picciotto house)

View, from south, at northern overbuilt part of Suq (bazaar) of Khan al-Harir (Picciotto house)

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - aerial photo of the West Palace

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – aerial photo of the West Palace

A village in the Syrian coastal mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)

A village in the Syrian coastal mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)

Balcony above main portal of Khan al-Harir

Balcony above main portal of Khan al-Harir