Old aerial photo of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya, Damascus

Old aerial photo of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya, Damascus

Raqqa - the excavations of the site "East of Raqqa" - Eastern Palace

Raqqa – the excavations of the site “East of Raqqa” – Eastern Palace

Raqqa - Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall - one of the wall tower

Raqqa – Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall – one of the wall tower

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad - finds

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad – finds

Raqqa - finds discovered in the site "East of Raqqa", the Eastern Complex

Raqqa – finds discovered in the site “East of Raqqa”, the Eastern Complex

Raqqa, "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace, vegetable stucco ornaments

Raqqa, “East of Raqqa” site – Western Palace, vegetable stucco ornaments

Raqqa - Jar discovered at the site "East Raqqa" - the northern complex

Raqqa – Jar discovered at the site “East Raqqa” – the northern complex

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Western Palace

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad - finds

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad – finds

Raqqa, Grand Abbasid Mosque - Plan

Raqqa, Grand Abbasid Mosque – Plan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with northern Iwan

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa - finds discovered in the site "East of Raqqa", the Eastern Complex

Raqqa – finds discovered in the site “East of Raqqa”, the Eastern Complex

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

The city of Raqqa - remains of the southern arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq

The city of Raqqa – remains of the southern arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq

Noria (water wheel) with aqueduct in ar-Rastan in 1930

Noria (water wheel) with aqueduct in ar-Rastan in 1930

The minaret of Jamiʿ (Mosque) ash-Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi

The minaret of Jamiʿ (Mosque) ash-Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi

This view of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya shows the dome with two drums

This view of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya shows the dome with two drums

A colorful marble niche in the mausoleum of az-Zahir Baybars

A colorful marble niche in the mausoleum of az-Zahir Baybars

ʿAbd al-Qadir al-Jazaʿiri cenotaph, beside the Mausoleum of Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi

ʿAbd al-Qadir al-Jazaʿiri cenotaph, beside the Mausoleum of Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi

Mausoleum of az-Zahir Baybars, decorations with colorful marble

Mausoleum of az-Zahir Baybars, decorations with colorful marble

The entrance of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya is richly decorated with ablaq masonry, a muqarnas vault and inscriptions

The entrance of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya is richly decorated with ablaq masonry, a muqarnas vault and inscriptions