Raqqa - Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall - one of the wall tower

Raqqa – Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall – one of the wall tower

Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Madrasat al-Firdaws, back iwan

Madrasat al-Firdaws, back iwan

Madrasat al-Firdaws, view to south - courtyard and arcades

Madrasat al-Firdaws, view to south – courtyard and arcades

Inner courtyard, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya

Inner courtyard, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya

Aleppo Built Heritage Documentation – Damage Mapping

Interior view, courtyard of Jamiʿ al-Imam Ismaʿil

Interior view, courtyard of Jamiʿ al-Imam Ismaʿil

General view of Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Imam Ismaʿil

General view of Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Imam Ismaʿil

View from the west, courtyard of Umayyad Mosque

View from the west, courtyard of Umayyad Mosque

One of the towers of Shayzar Castle

One of the towers of Shayzar Castle

A photo of two towers, Jaʿbar castle

A photo of two towers, Jaʿbar castle

at-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Towers of western walls

at-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Towers of western walls

Part of the remains of Shayzar Castle

Part of the remains of Shayzar Castle

Jaʿbar castle, southern side of the castle

Jaʿbar castle, southern side of the castle

at-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Towers of western walls

at-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Towers of western walls

Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman, domed structure (mashhad) and minaret of the Great Mosque

Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman, domed structure (mashhad) and minaret of the Great Mosque

Rubble stone with carved Arabic inscription

Rubble stone with carved Arabic inscription in Aleppo

Plan of building parts: example based on the plan of Great Umayyad Mosque of Aleppo

Umayyad-mosque-Aleppo_1_plan-of-building-parts

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Previous state, ornamental detail in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a2_Close-up view of ornamental medallion/ window

Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Constructive crack pattern in masonry wall; al-Madrasa at-Turuntaʾiyya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig. 08, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, Partial collapse, of Barsin mosque, Aleppo, Syria

Fig. 04, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, delamination/ separation of wall leaves, San Salvatore, Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig. 14-b, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, delamination/ separation of wall leaves, San Salvatore, Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig. 14, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, delamination/ separation of wall leaves, Ibshir Basha foundation, Aleppo

Fig. 13, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, delamination/ separation of wall leaves, ar-Rumi mosque, Aleppo

Fig. 12, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, deformation, bulging of a wall in a historic lane, al-Jallum, Aleppo

Fig. 11, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, wall bulging

Fig. 10, Catalogue of Damage