{"id":34418,"date":"2022-08-16T22:59:34","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T20:59:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/syrian-heritage.org\/?p=34418"},"modified":"2022-08-17T21:25:11","modified_gmt":"2022-08-17T19:25:11","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a3%d8%ab%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/syrian-heritage.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a3%d8%ab%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 – \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 | \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0648 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062d\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 300 \u0645\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633) \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646. \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0631. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"A
\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c 1990 | \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 – \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-SA) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u060c 1989 | \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a (CC-BY-NC-ND)
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 | \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631  \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640 “\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649” \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0633\u0641\u0648\u062d \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633) \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"Tall
\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u060c 1984 | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 (CC-BY-NC-SA), <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0641\u060c 1963 | \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 – \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062a (CC-BY-NC-SA) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 19 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1850 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645”) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 20\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a 1907\/1908 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1975 \u0648 1977\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f 55 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632  (3000- 1200 \u0642.\u0645) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong>\/\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 550 \u0644\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064840 \u0646\u0635 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"Tall
\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 9 \u0642.\u0645\u060c 1994 | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"Tall
\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0645\u062f (\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648)- \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u060c 1986 | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0631 (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"Temporary
\u062a\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c 1991 | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f 58 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631<\/strong>[1]<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong>[2]<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0632 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f (5000-3800 \u0642.\u0645) \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643 (3800-3100 \u0642.\u0645) \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0646\u0642\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1985 \u06481986 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1992 \u0648 2000. \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0646\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f – \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627- \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642.\u0645 (\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f) \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642.\u0645 (\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632)\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0642.\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0646\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628-\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c 1996 | \u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0631 (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0646\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 “\u062d\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632” \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c 1994 | \u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0631 (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0639\u062a\u064a\u062c<\/strong> \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 19 \u0643\u0645. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 3 \u0642.\u0645). \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062a\u064a\u062c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0639\u062a\u064a\u062c \u0628\u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 6 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0631\/\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062c\u063a\u062c\u063a. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 43 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642.\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f . \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0642.\u0645 (\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0641) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642.\u0645  \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637). \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0642.\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"Tall
\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 4 \u0642.\u0645\u060c 2004 | \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 4 \u0642.\u0645 | Zunkir CC-BY-SA 4.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"Tall
\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 (\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 3 \u0642.\u0645\u060c 2004 | \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 60 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642.\u0645. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0640 3500 \u0642.\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0639\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u062b\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1935 \u0648 1937. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0624\u0646\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 6 \u0642.\u0645) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642.\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637  (2004-1595 \u0642.\u0645)\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 18 \u0642.\u0645. \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300 \u0644\u0648\u062d). \u0647\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642.\u0645. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u060c 2010 | \u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND)
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"Children
\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c 1989| \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631<\/strong> (\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0648\u064a\u062c. \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2452 \u0642.\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a  \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0642.\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 16 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1992 \u0648 2010. \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 2010 | \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0641\u062e\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u064a\u060c \u062f\u064a\u060c \u0622 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c 2010 | \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 <\/strong>\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 25 \u0643\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 2000 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642.\u0645) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642.\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1989 \u0648 1991 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642.\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a 64 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a (8300- 5600 \u0642.\u0645) \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/strong>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u064a (5600-5000 \u0642.\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 40 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0643\u0634\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0643<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0641<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1911 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0642.\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u062b\u0645 \u0647\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642.\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"Tall
\u062a\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c 1963 | \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 – \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062a (CC-BY-NC-SA) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"Main
\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627 (\u062a\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b)\u060c 2002 | \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0647 (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 2010 | \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064f\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1980 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642.\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/strong>) \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0642.\u0645) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 3 \u0642.\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a (2400 \u0642.\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 (2300 \u0642.\u0645). \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629-\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642.\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064f\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f “\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631” : \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0646\u0642\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062c <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u063a\u064f\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0646\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 | \u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0631 (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629
\u062a\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c 1984 | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 (CC-BY-NC-SA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n
\"From
\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1956) \u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c 1990 | \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a (CC-BY-NC-ND) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0628 – \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c 2010 | \u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0629 (CC-BY-NC-ND) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 (25 \u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 14 \u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0643\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1988 \u0648 1990  \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1996 \u0648 1997 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0641\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n