Narrow hidden alley in the city of Halle, Germany
Jabʿadin, the rock wall at Sinnir mountain
Tall al-Biʿa, Ancient city of Tuttul
General view of the remains of ʿAyn Dara Temple
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At-Tabqa , Minaret of the Mosque at Jaʿbar Castle.
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
The facade of prayer hall overlooking the courtyard, Umayyad Mosque
[Original:'Damaskus, Omajjaden-Moschee, vom Friedhof aus gesehen']. The Bavarian air force division 304b was based in Palestine from 25. October 1917 and was involved in the First World War until the division left the region, over Aleppo, in mid September 1918. During that period, over 3000 glas photographs, mostly aerial, have been made. Those early photographs were important for the archaeological research in the Middle East.
A side of al-Mudiq castle shows some of its towers
Jamiʿ al-Maydani, the minaret
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard and western facade - main hall's (qaʿa) facade
Hof mit Bahra und Qa'a-Front
Bimaristan an-Nuri, door puller of main wooden entrance door
Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., Apse and south façade
[Original: Basilika, vor 469, SO-Seite]
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Floral frieze decoration; Palace D, ar-Raqqa; National Museum Damascus
Al-Madrasa ar-Rukniyya al-Barraniyya - view from the south
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, courtyard and basin
The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC
Innenseite, gesehen von ~ Nordosten. Vgl. Bild 1607 !
A view of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains covered with snow
Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, an arcade topped by a cross vault
Qalb Lawza Basilica, illustration of the assumed construction method
Drawing of a perspective section of the basilica showing an idea of its former construction.
al-Mihmandar Mosque, general view from south-east
Raqqa - excavations at the site "East Raqqa" - the northern complex
Eastern North Complex; Middle Trench
Qasr Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, courtyard and arcade
The palace of the governor’s family al-‘Azm houses today a Museum of Arts and Popular Traditions.
A side of Hiraqla victory monument, built by Harun ar-Rashid, near Raqqa
Tomb of Elahbel in the Valley of the Tombs, facade
[ Description by author: Oberer Teil der Fassade. Im Bogen eine Kline für den Toten, dessen Hochrelief allerdings fehlt. Unten in einer Tabula ansata eine zweisprachige Inschrift. Gesehen von ~ Süden. ]
Khan Dannun, arcade
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, muqarnas squinches of the iwan dome
Habuba Kabira, inside the double-dome room with its relief arch
The tower tombs, Valley of the Tombs
[ Description by author: Links der Turm des Maliku (vvgl. Bild 0576, 0815, 0822 !), rechts der des Jambliqu. Davor in der Mitte das Tempelgrab, links davon der untere Teil eines Turmes der Justinianischen Stadtmauer (Nordseite). Gesehen von ~ Nordosten. ]
Masbanat al-Jubayli, soap preparation before the stage of arranging
Habuba Kabira, Interior of the last existing deepened house (debabe), which was later used only as storage space
Capital of column, portico of Bel Temple
[ Description by author: Ein Kapitell des Portikus, vielleicht aus dem Nordost-Bereich. ]
A view of the Barada valley showing the train rail
Making falafel sandwiches
Tall Brak, general view of the main mound
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Habuba Kabira, shell of a dome house made of clay bricks
Hama, The historic alley leading to al-ʿAzm Palace
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, Building ornaments at the entrance
Shard of colored pottery, ar-Raqqa Museum
(Dome) Qubbat as-Sayyar on Qasyun mountain
The wheel hub of a water scoop wheel (arab. noria)
Hiraqla victory monument: glass jar
A Bedouin woman twisting a hand spun thread spool
The patchwork-cover in the background is separating the living area from the sleeping area
View from the northeast, Temple of Bel
[ Description by author: Tele-Ausschnitt aus Bild 0586.. ['Hotel Villa Palmyra (Heliopolis ?)'] ]
Stairs lead to the Ishtar Temple D? Ebla (Tall Mardikh)
Im Vordergrund die Treppe von Bild 1185 hinten. Nach dem Gesamtplan Bild 1162 müsste sie zum Roten Tempel / Ishtar-Tempel D führen. Gesehen nach ~ Nordosten. [Original:Tall Mardîkh (Ebla)']
Al-Bara, Pyramid Tomb A, 6th century
[Original: Größeres Grabmal (im Grundriß quadratischer Raumkubus mit pyramidalem Dach), sp. 6. Jh.]
A part of the ground and upper floor, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm
Izraʿ - Kanisat (church) Mar Jirjis from the inside
Aliya Alnuami
Citadel of Aleppo, general view of the Gate Tower
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace - excavations
[ 87/ 59/ 1772] =[ photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no,]. On the back of the photo: [87/59].. (Naming the area of the photo was done according to the list, although some they are similar but were done in different areas.)
Two workshops for the manufacture and sale of iron tools in Raqqa
Bedouin girl with saddle bag, that was weaved by her mother
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami: annex, ground floor plan
Annex building in the north of Matbakh al Ajami, size of plan 50 x 36. Ruler.
Marble cenotaph next to the tomb of Salah ad-Din, was presented by German Emperor Wilhelm II during his visit to Damascus in 1898
[ Description by author: Der Kenotaph Salâhu d-Dîns. Das Grabmal war völlig vernachlässigt, bis es Wilhelm II auf seiner Orientreise 1898 restaurieren ließ und diesen Steinsarkophag stiftete. Davon berichtet die Inschrift oben links, vgl. Bild 0230 ! Zu dem weitgehend verdeckten älteren Holzsarkophag s. Bild 0229 ! (The year of the photo is not sure according to Peter Heiske ) ]
View of al-Marqab castle
Ruins of the wall of Qalʿat Shumaymis (castle)
Tartus, ash-Shaykh Badr, Arched niche in al-Kahf Castle
Raqqa, Baghdad Gate (Bab) as seen from outside the fence
Raq19820005.tif
Part of the remains of Shayzar Castle
Carved giant footprints at the threshold of the entrance of ʿAyn Dara temple
Engraving at the left of the portal of northern thalamos, cella of Bel Temple
[ Description by author: Cella, Nord-Thalamos, links vom Portal: Ädikula, darüber eine Art Obelisk (oder ein Altar ?). ]
Ruins of Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas on the edge of a mountain slope
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami: eastern Qaʿa (mamluke), section north-south, view to west
Size of plan 22 x 32, with ruler (no scale).
Hiraqla victory monument - plan of ground level
Reconstruction drawing of gound level. Plan showing walls. (with ruler)
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, general view of the entrance
Khan Qurdbak, entrance - stone bench
A grave carved in the rock, Maʿlula
[ Description by author: auf dem Kloster-Plateau. Der Guide Bleu "Near East" spricht nur von "ancient tombs", ohne Hinweise auf heidnisch oder christlich. Bei diesem hier wird allerdings gesagt, dass der eine Adler (Bild 0460) und, wenn ich richtig verstehe, die Nische Bild 0458 byzantinisch seien. Ich muss allerdings sagen, dass für mein Laienverständnis eher der "starre" Adler von Bild 0462 als der "schwungvolle" von Bild 0460 byzantinisch wirkt .......- Der GPS-Tag ist apporximativ. ]
View from northeast, Agora and commercial center
[ Description by author: der Agora, Blick von ~ Nordosten. Durch das Tor ganz rechts (es ist das selbe wie Bild 0704 links) sieht man in die Agora. Dieser Annex ist der eigentliche Handelsplatz von Palmyra und war wegen der Kamele auch nicht gepflastert. Hier wurde auch der berühmte (Zoll)Tarif vom April 137 n. Chr. gefunden. S. auch Bild 0707 ! ]
View from Jabal Husainiyya towards Diocletian's camp and Allat-temple
View from above towards north
Ugarit, Entrance gate to the city
Raqqa, A side of Qasr al-Banat
Church of the monk Buhayra, Busra
[Original: Bahira-Basilika, paganer Profanbau des 3. Jhs. n.Chr., der später christianisiert wurde -Außenansicht]
Remains of the Great Colonnade
al-Malikiyya - ʿAyn al-Khadra, Basalt Tombs
Nahiyat Tall Tamir, Small fledgeling shelters in the form of domes, to be closed by night with stones
Busra - Hammam Manjak - Restoration works
View of the artificial pool and the Temple of Mushannaf
Maʿbad ad-Dumayr (temple), locally known as "the castle"
Arwad, Ayyubid fort, entrance
Khan al-Jumruk, general view of the mosque in the center of the khan's courtyard
Excavation of mosaic floor, ʿAyn al-ʿArus
Mosaic floor panel in hexagonal shape
Busra - Southern Roman Bath (al-Hammam ar-Rumani al-Janubi)
South-Thermae, Forecourt before Renewal
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, damage mapping (Arabic)
The waqf (endowment) complex of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha has suffered serious damage in several areas. This includes the khan on the north side and the eastern and western qaysariyya. Without removing the rubble, no final statement can be made about the extent of damage. Most likely, there was a total loss in the areas affected by the April 2015 tunnel bomb explosion. The western portion of the waqf complex, including its front facade, is still standing but is noticeably damaged. Two of the most important buildings of the waqf complex of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha survived: the mosque and the coffeehouse at the south. The uniquely decorated facade of the hall of the coffeehouse, as well as its first row of vaults, were destroyed. The core of the hall was only partially damaged, while the section of the central dome with its high lantern was, for the most part, destroyed.
Feast of the excavation with musicians playing the local music with mizmar (local oboe) and big drum
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985
Tall Aswad
Madrasat al-Firdaws, a grave on the west of prayer hall
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, clay decoration
Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), western facade and dome
Chamber tomb with two chambers, Inscription from 1514
Outside of the surrounding wall of Halabiyya fortress
Tall Dahab, Back of the guest house with surrounding scultural ornamentation
Excavation work inside ad-Daydariyya cave
Salah ad-Din statue situated in front of the western facade of Damascus citadel
Al-Imam Ismaʿil Mosque, muqarnas on the dome from the inside
Zwickel an der Kuppel. Irgendwo habe ich gelesen, dass diese kleinen Nischen die erste Stufe der Entwicklung der Muqarnas darstellen und dass darin die künstlerische Bedeutung der Moschee bestehe.- S. Beschreibung Bild 1052 gegen Ende ! [Original: 'Salamiya (Salamias)']
Aghabani with customized geometric design combining leaves, flowers and branches
A minaret rises above al-Bab ash-Sharqi
Jamrin - The ancient bridge over Wadi az-Zaydi
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard and western facade - main hall's (qaʿa) facade
[Original: B86 /Film XV]
Fishing in the Euphrates, Jabal ʿAruda
Tall Bdiri near the Khabur: pilasters are stabilizing the walls of the houses
Traditional house in neighborhood "al-Almaji"
Photograph of house's main, southern, fassade during beginning works of refurbishment and after the loss of woodden oriel "Kishk". The image is a panorama composed of several images
Alternate ablaq rows in the courtyard of Jamiʿ Manjak
Motifs of quarter flowers in Kara Memi, Aleppo Room wall frame, early 17th century
The suspension bridge over the Euphrates in Dayr az-Zawr
A small noria (water wheel) on the Orontes river
One of the small norias in Hama which appears to be very similar to the large norias with its wheel of trunks and stone base.
A view of the iwan of Dada house
Liwan
Bab al-Hadid, general view of the gate's tower from the outside
Colored mosaic in the western arcade of the Umayyad Mosque
[ Description by author: Decke des mittleren Schiffs, gesehen nach ~ Südwesten. ]
Shaykh Shibli shrine - al-Tar mountain, south -east of al-Mayadeen
Near Qa'alat ar-Rahaba, Shrin Shaykh Shibliy. [Original:'Bei QAL'AT ar-RAHABA, Grabbau = SAIH SIBLI']
Krak des Chevaliers, the loggia
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985
[1985/24/395] = [photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no.]. ["s.a. Dias"]
Raqqa, Western Palace, aerial view of excavation site
The aerial picture shows how the site looked during its excavation. At the edge of the excavation site, clay bricks are laid out for drying. [Original on the back: '86']
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, western facade - decorated window
The upper part of the middle window of the exterior western facade.
Jamiʿ al-Mihmandar, prayer hall entrance
Al-Bimaristan an-Nuri, Ornaments above the door lintel
Jamiʿ ar-Rumi, general view of the minaret
Windows above the western entrance of the Cathedral, today Tartus Museum
[Original: "Kathedrale Nôtre-Dame, zwei Fenster über dem Portal und ein krönendes drittes Fenster werden von eingestellten Säulen und Archivolten gerahmt"]
In the storage and living area of the Bedouin tent in ad-Duwaym
The old woman is wearing a belt of tablet weaving.
View of the courtyard of Khan al-Wazir
Terrasses cultivation in the Coastal Mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)
Temporary title for Image 44445
Aside of the Ruins
Part of archaeological remains, Tall Mardikh (Ebla)
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A local bakery in the old city of Aleppo
A picture of croissants pieces in a local bakery in the historic neighborhood of al-Jallum.
Nomad tents on the outskirts of the Ghuta of Damascus
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, view of the western facade and dome of the mausoleum
Halabiyya, remains of fortifications and the praetorium
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, inscription and decoration above the entrance of the prayer hall
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - Zengid inscription in Naskhi script
Busra, Hammam Manjak before the restoration work
Bayt Ghazala, main entrance gate
Citadel of Aleppo, Gate of Two Lions - the Smiling Lion
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Floral frieze decoration; National Museum Damascus, from ar-Raqqa
The courtyard of an-Nuri Mosque
Vicinity of Tall Abyad, shell of the house with flattened domes and opening in one dome
A grove in the Ghouta of Damascus
A side from Shumaymis Castle, as-Salamiyya
A side from the courtyard of Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, Bab Tuma
Hof gegen Tarma
Busra - Southern Roman Bath (al-Hammam ar-Rumani al-Janubi)
Forecourt before Renewal, view to south
Qunaya: in the Museum of the Monastery of St Simeon
The museum shows everyday objects as they are often found in the earth still today: pearls, bracelets, spindles, etc.
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, ground plan
Size of plan 50 x 20, with ruler (no scale).
Small wadi in the desert of Badiyat ash-Sham
Decoration of the qaʿa (guest room) in the Quwatli House
Kämpferkonsole in der Qa'a
Habuba Kabira, to make burghul (wheat grits) the wheat is cooked in a huge pot and then carried to a drying place
Baalshamin temple from the inside, 2nd c. AD
The small temple was consecrated to the Canaanite god of heaven. In 2015 it was blown up by ISIS.
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle, stone arches
Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, western facade
A group of semi-nomads sitting on a felt rug (left and in the rear) and on a woven rag rug (right side)
Harvest of cotton in ar-Ruj plain
General view of the small palace of Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi
[Original: 1. Anlage]
At-Takiyya al-Mawlawiyya, western facade - al-Midan
A stairway leading to the upper floor, Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm)
Izraʿ - Kanisat (church) Mar Jirjis, exterior view
Jamiʿ(mosque) al-Hanabila - north-south section with the prayer hall, courtyard, and the minaret
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, the hall - octagonal neck of the dome
A view from Qalʿat Shumaymis towards the surrounding plains
A suq in Raqqa
Khan Qurdbak, dome of the entrance
al-Hayr al-Sharqi Palace, Inside of the early Umaiyad desert castle (Western complex)
Watermill on ʿAyn al-ʿArus lake
ʿAyn Diwar, The Zengid bridge on the Tigris
General view of Safita city
The stage of Roman Theatre and the Ayyubid Citadel, Busra
[Original: Theater, Bühnengebäude (wahrsch. spätes 2. Jh.)]
Tall Halaf with the Khabur-valley, seen from the northeast during the rainy season
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - Zengid inscription in Naskhi script
Staircase and old wooden door in a traditional House in Maʿlula
Damage of the minaret. Here in general the minaret 03 is seen..
Maps of Aleppo: city center and historical suburban aereas, 1982
Thematic map of Aleppo city-center and historical suburban aeras, showing historical monuments. Scale 1:2000, ruler and legend, [Original in German: Aleppo: Innenstadt und alte Vorstadtquartiere | Karte 1 Westblatt & Ostblatt] Inventory no. stamp: Museum für Islamische Kunst Isl 85/31 /2 Berlin-Dahlem. Part of TAVO Reihe B Nr. 58
Bas-relief on an arch in the church of Qalb Lawza
The dome house in Taanayel: building the dome
A view of two workers inserting flat stepping stones between the bricks, an old technique to help plastering the dome houses.
Busra, Madrasat Abu al-Fidaʾ, known as "Jami ad-Dabbagha'
A decorated inscription in Masayaf Castle
Raqqa, main shopping road with salesman of vegetables
Propylaea of Jupiter Temple, Damascus
One of the inner parts of the Madrasa al-ʿUmariyya al-Kubra
Entrance of Suq al-Hamidiyya in the eighties of the 20th century, Damascus
Inscription on the wall, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya
The tower of Qalʿat Yahmur (Yahmur Castle)
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, north Facade - a cornice with floral motifs and a Qur'anic text in Kufic script
Suq az-Zarb, view of the former (destroyed) entrance arch to the west
Roman bridge in at-Tayyiba over the course of the Wadi az-Zaydi
The view of a wall in Shayzar Castle shows three tipped arched niches, each with an entrances and a window.
ʿAbd al-Qadir al-Jazaʿiri cenotaph, beside the Mausoleum of Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi
[ Description by author: Der Kenotaph für 'Abd al-Qâdir al-Jazâ'iri. ]
A female Kurdish tribe leader wearing a screen-printed headscarf called Habari
Habuba Kabira, construction of a relieving arch using piled bricks, which are later removed
Al-Bara, Pyramid Tomb A, 6th century
"Größeres Grabmal (im Grundriß quadratischer Raumkubus mit pyramidalem Dach), sp. 6. Jh."
Harim Castle, view into an entrance
Madrasat al-Firdaws, view to south - courtyard and arcades
Courtyard, Fountain
Bimaristan an-Nuri, courtyard
al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, ground plan and sectional drawings through the large hall
In the ground plan, the parts demolished in the fifties of the 20th century for a road extension were added. On the right, a north-south section through the large domed hall (above) and another from west to east. The plans have been redrawn as a CAD file by the BTU Cottbus, based on a draft by Jean-Claude David and Thierry Grandin.
View on the Euphrates River from the site of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya)
Manmade caves in the Euphrates valley near embouchure of Sajur-river close to al-Awshariyya
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, public fountain (sabil) beside the main entrance
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with southern Iwan
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad - glazed pottery
Tall Aswad; Glazed Pottery; ROM 10
Remains of the main entrance of Nabu Temple, Palmyra
[ Description by author: Gesehen von ~ Süd-Süd-Ost. Im Tor sieht man hinten die Säulen der Diokletians-Thermen, hinter der rechten Türrahmung den Altar und dahinter die Treppe zum Podium des Tempels. Der Altar hat die Form eines Naiskos (vgl. Bild 0680 !), wie z.B. in Qal'at Faqra im Libanon. ]
Khan Qurdbak, general view of the courtyard and the porticos
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad – sherds
Raqqa IV; Tall Aswad; Pottery garden probl. near excavation house in Tall Bi'a
Suq az-Zarb, general view of the suq, after the destruction, near the Sabil Suq az-Zarb, view towards west
Village of Tall Hamidiyya with excavation house (left)
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, general view of the madrasa from the Great Mosque minaret
Takiyyat ash-Shaykh Abu Bakr, general view from outside
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
Madrasat al-Firdaws, the southern hall
Al-Khusrawiyya, view at the Madrasa courtyard in 2007
Traditional houses of the town of Darkush, located on the Orontes river
Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), western facade - inscription band
Remains of the Byzantine Cathedral, Qalʿat Burqush
[ Description by author: Die Substrukturen von oben. Man steht am Rand des letzten erhaltenen Gewölbes, Blick nach ~ Südosten. Links sind vier Ansätze der Gewölbe-Gurte zu erkennen. Die Kathedrale liegt links außerhalb des Bildes. ]
Telegraph column, Sahat (square) al-Marja
Busra - Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Mabrak from the outside
Palmyra / Tadmur, Tetrapylon, 3rd century AD
[Original: Tetrapylon mit Rosengranitsäulen aus Assuan (nur noch eine original)]
Domed house in the village of Shaykh Hilal
A view of one of the village houses, with a front porch and a small garden planted with flowers.
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, general view of the prayer hall
View into the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Hama
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with southern Iwan
Remains of Diocletian Baths
[ Description by author: Links das Peristyl des Beckens (dass es ein Becken ist, erkennt man auf Bild 0693, 0694 !), ganz rechts das Propylon, hinten die Innenseite des Monumentalbogens. Gesehen von ~ Nordwesten. ]
General view of Baalshamin Temple, 2nd century AD
[Original: Tempel des Baal Schamin (beim Hotel Zenobia)]
Irrigation fields of ʿAyn at-Tina in Qalamun (mountainous region in southwest Syria)
The village itself lies in the middle ground above the level of the irrigated field terraces: In the background, the Eocene limestone layer of the Jebel Maaloula with up to 1913 m above sea level.
Barada River in Old city of Damascus
View from east to the cella of Bel Temple
Exterior view from east
Introducing the blue dye in boiling water to the silk threads. This process is repeated several times until the silk absorbs the blue dye effectively
Bayt Mustafa al-Jabiri (Bayt cad. VII 2056) before belonging to waqf al-Jabiri
Size of plan 55 x 45. with ruler (no scale)
General view of Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm)
at-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, polygonal tower.
An inscription on the wall of Damascus Citadel
Qanawat, women in traditional dress at a well
al-Husn Church, Remains of the basilica after its demolition and turning the site into an agricultural field
The entrance of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya is richly decorated with ablaq masonry, a muqarnas vault and inscriptions
Old rural house, Harran al-ʿAwamid
[ Description by author: mit Dekor, irgendwo im Ort (der GPS-Tag soll nur den Ort angeben). ]
As-Sa'a roundabout in the city of Raqqa
A side of Palmyra Theater, 2nd c. AD
One of the towers of Damascus Citadel
View of a tower of the eastern façade of Damascus Citadel. The tower looks rectangular, topped by a set of machicolations.
When milking a flock of sheep in the Syrian Jazira
½ piastre, 21 mm, 1921 (French Mandate)
Bayt Ghazala, view of the bathhouse
Hammam Bahram Basha, the main facade after the destruction
1
Jamiʿ al-Mihmandar, courtyard - inscription on the northern facade
Jaʿbar Castle in at-Tabqa, General view
Khan al-Jumruk, interior facade of the khan's entrance
Machicolations on the wall of Damascus Citadel
Mushabbak, Byzantine basilica, general view from northeast
The main mihrab of the mosque with mosaic decoration. The space is 02 in general, according to the ground plan. Here the mihrab in secondary space 07 is seen.
Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi, upper part of one of the towers, flanking the gate
[Original: Turm links]
Suq az-Zarb, view towards west of the suq after the destruction
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, portico along the prayer hall
Syriac tombs in Jabal ʿAruda
The upper part of the minaret of an-Nuri Mosque
South part of the east side, Hammam al-Qaramani
[ Description by author: Südteil der Ostseite. Der obere Teil "modern" mit Beton ausgebaut. ]
The mausoleum (turba) of Ibn Salama ar-Raqqi, topped by a dome
General view of Baalshamin Temple, 2nd century AD
[ Description by author: und nördlicher Säulenhof, gesehen von ~ Ost-Nord-Ost. Die Anlage umfasste auch einen südlichen Säulenhof und erstreckte sich im Nordosten bis unter das heutige Hotel Zenobia. Der Tempel datiert aus der Mitte des 2. Jhs. n. Chr. ]
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, main entrance
A view of Qalʿat Shayzar along the Orontes river
View at Qalʿat Shayzar
General view of Shumaymis castle (Qalʿat Shumaymis)
Raqqa, "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace, vegetable stucco ornaments
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami: eastern Qaʿa, section east-west, view to south
Annex building in the north of Matbakh al Ajami, size of plan 25 x 30, with ruler (no scale).
Abdelraouf Baydoun working with the craft of ‘Ajami: Preparation of a wooden dome
As-Sabuniyya Mosque, the body of the minaret is rich in decorations
[ Description by author: Fenster-Etage oberhalb des Sockels. ]
Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, upper view of the inner courtyard and its fountain in the center
Citadel of Aleppo, prayer hall of the Great Mosque
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle, general view of the site
Bayt Junblat, southern iwan - decoration of marble and faience tiles
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, general view into the turba
Waqf Ibshir Mustafa Basha, south western corner with former sabil
A modern residential neighborhood in Aleppo
A view of a modern neighborhood in the city of Aleppo on a cold winter day.
As-Sabuniyya Mosque, ornaments on the facade
[ Description by author: Dekor links bzw. rechts des Eingangs-"Iwâns". ]
Citadel of Aleppo, Temple of the Storm God Hadad - Detail on platform wall
[Original: Ausgrabung Kai Kohlmeyer]
Jurn Kabir, construction of a room from quarry stones with clay mortar
Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, the prayer niche
Roman grave behind the Convent of Our Lady of Saydnaya
Madrasat al-Firdaws, a view of the courtyard and the southern arcade
Busra, Hammam Manjak, the cold section (barrani)
Busra - Hammam Manjak - the fountain of the cold section (barrani)
General view of Notre Dame de Saydnaya
[ Description by author: von ~ Südosten. In dem Felssockel rechts befindet sich das Grab mit den Figuren von Bild 0420.- Trotz obiger Zuordnung (nach den wichtigsten Ausbau-Stufen): die Ursprünge der Anlage gehen in byzantinische Zeit zurück und sollen in Zusammenhang mit einem Erlebnis des Kaisers Justinian stehen: eine von ihm verfolgte Gazelle verwandelte sich in ein Marienbild (des Lukas ...), das die Erbauung einer Kirche an dieser Stelle verlangte und seither Wunder tat. ]
Habuba Kabira, screening of barley as seed by the grandmother
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, eastern facade - window within a rectangular niche decorated with muqarnas
Part of golden and coloured mosaic, Umayyad Mosque
[ Description by author: Mittelgang, Südwand, Westende.- Die Bilder 0179 - 0192 wurden mit einem High-Speed-Film gemacht, daher die mäßige Qualität ! (The date of this photo was not sure as Peter Heiske did [(wohl) 18/04/2004] ]
ʿAyn al-Khadra, residential house with a central hall plan of a Kurdish family in the Malkiyya-Region
Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, a groin vault in the entrance
Inscription of foundation in 1168, oldest Inscription in Naskhi in Aleppo
A view of al-Marqab castle from the bottom of the hill
al-Madrasa al-Jaqmaqiyya, Decorative details in the eastern facade
[ Description by author: und Schriftband an der Ostwand der Madrasa, vgl. Bild 0235 ! ]
Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, courtyard and arched arcade
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Ajiqbash house, view of the courtyard, south-east corner
The former courtyard house of a merchant family served as Aleppo’s Museum of Popular Traditions. The house is severely damaged, especially the open living space facing the courtyard (Iwan).
Cushions with a self-woven cover
Topographical map collection "UAR North (Syrian) region, district El Furāt" of 1960
Photographic reproduction of a topographic map of ar-Raqqa area, scale 1:25.000 (Partley corrected by hand into scale 1:20.000). Based on combined contour/ stereo-topographic survey of 1959. Clarke's ellipsoid of 1880. Lambert's coordinates system (Levant's zone). Mediterranean height system (Beirut's)
The historical sulfur Afqa Spring
[ Description by author: Wieder die Quelle, aber diesmal von ~ Nordosten. Links und hinten rechts sind zwei Altäre zu erkennen. Wenn das Gestufte hinter der Säule die alte Zugangstreppe zur Quelle ist, war sie verdammt steil ....... ]
Some of inner parts, Qalʿat Salah ad-Din
Agricultural terraces in The Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Basalt orthostats on the western side of ʿAyn Dara Temple
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, courtyard and southern portico
The Great Colonnade
At the upper reach of the Khabur near Raʾs al-ʿAyn
Busra, Hammam Manjak, the fountain of the cold section (barrani)
Ruins of Diocletian Camp
Bayt Wakil (Aleppo-Zimmer), Painted wooden panel, Mary and Jesus
One of the most famous Christian themes in the hall of Wakil house is a painting of the Virgin Mary carrying her child, surrounded by plant and blossom drawings.
The facade of the church, Ibn Wardan Palace
[Original: Kirche (Kuppelbasilika mit Emporen, Innenraum)]
Qalʿat Salah ad-Din located in the coastal mountain forests
Sculpture on sacrophagus
[ Description by author: Bei Bild 0873 - 0877 handelt es sich um den selben Sarkophag, vielleicht gehört auch Bild 0872 dazu.- Diese Sarkophage bestehen aus zwei Teilen: dem Kasten, der in der Form einer Kline mit Polster gearbeitet ist, und dem Deckel, der den liegenden Toten darstellt. Bei der Kline sind bis in feinste Details Holzschnitzereien nachgeahmt, bei dem Polster und insbesondere bei den Gewändern die feinsten bestickten Stoffe. Unter der Kline sind Szenen dargestellt, hier wohl Diener, die für ein (Toten)Mahl oder (Toten)Opfer rüsten. Auch die Szene von Bild 0872 "spielt" unter einer Kline: aus dem Alltag des Toten, wohl eines Handelherrn. ]
Temple of Bel, 1st c. AD
This center of religious life was dedicated to the Mesopotamian weather god Baal. ISIS bombed he temple in 2015 .
Maronite Cathedral, upper pointed part of one of the cathedral towers
Raqqa - Glass discovered at the site "East Raqqa" - the northern complex
Raqqa VI East; Northern Complex; glass bowl, SW-Neg.87/801-802
General view of the village of Shaykh Hilal
This part of the village is surrounded by domed houses, while flat-roofed houses are very few.
ar-Rusafa, Bedouin women cook sheep meat on open fireplaces on the occasion of the desert festival
The courtyard with fountain and Iwan, Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, Bab Tuma
Bahra mit Liwan
Citadel of Aleppo, general view of the Throne Hall
Hiraqla victory monument: isometric reconstruction
Capital of the corner column, portico of Bel Temple
[ Description by author: Tele-Ausschnitt aus Bild 0609: das Kapitell der Eck"säule". Diese Eck"säule" ist von außen gesehen ein Pfeiler, von innen sind es zwei Halbsäulen in die beiden Richtungen (vgl. Bild 0611 !). Das Ganze hat einen herzförmigen Querschnitt, s. entsprechende Fotos bei den Beirut- und Ba'labak-Bildern ! ]
2 pounds, 23 mm, 1996
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, the hall dome - octogonal tambour on squinches
Afamiya, columns in the ruins
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Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., south aisle
The Baths of Diocletian
[ Description by author: - aber was sollen dann die Säulen vorn ? Im Hintergrund der mittlere Abschnitt der Säulenstraße, die Bögen markieren den südlichen Eingang in die Rundstraße ums Theater. Die Außenseite von dessen Scaenae Frons erkennt man rechts hinter den Säulen. Gesehen von ~ Nordosten. ]
Mausoleum of az-Zahir Baybars, colorful marble niche
Raqqa, Map draft of ar- Rafiqa and its walls
Overlay drawing with remaining street structure and modern city areas. 84-87% > approx. scale 1:10.000
The wooden sarcophagus of Salah ad-Din al-Ayyubi
[ Description by author: Der ältere (alte ?) Holz-Sarkophag Salâhu d-Dîns. Ich glaube, es ist ebenfalls ein Kenotaph, somit bliebe unklar, wo der Leichnam heute ist. (The year of the photo is not sure according to Peter Heiske ) ]
Al-Madrasa ar-Rukniyya al-Barraniyya - the dome from inside
Bayt Ajiqbash, window stone decoration of the courtyard facade
Raqqa - Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall - one of the wall tower
[original: Stadtmauer / Innenseite. Turm 80']. [83/72/12] =[ photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no,]. on the back of the photos: [83/72]
View of a road in al-Ghab Plain
![[S.156 Abb.174]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2Fshap_import_52442-1024x699.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
[S.156 Abb.174]
Busra - Hammam Manjak - Restoration works
Parts of Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm), view on the Euphrates River
A view from a high peak of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Habuba Kabira, mixture of sifted raw loam, chaff and water to produce clay bricks therefrom
An irrigation canal in the Eastern Ghouta
View from Masyaf Castle towards the city
Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard
Hama, General view of al-Madiq castle from the southern side
Palmyra, Remains of Allat Temple- Camp of Diocletian
[ Description by author: Gesehen von ~ Nord-Nord-Ost: rechte Seite und Rückwand. Ganz links das Temenos-Tor. ]
Sculpture of a camel and two persons with Parthian costume
[ Description by author: aus Palmyra in parthischer (Hosen !) Tracht. ]
Al-Muhammadiyya waterwheel (noria)
Qasr al-ʿAzm, view of the ground floor courtyard
Khan al-ʿArus before the restoration, view from south-west
Bayt Wakil, iwan - decoration above a room's door
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - Zengid inscription in Naskhi script
Burj Alaʾ, general view of the tower's western facade
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Khan al-Jumruk, general view showing the mosque's dome and the internal facade of the Khan's entrance
Burj as-Saʿa, general view
Raqqa, Northeast Complex, coin found during the excavation
Tahir; Coin; approx. 199 h.; Ra-83-NO-06
Bayt Ajiqbash, traditional furniture in the guest room (qaʿa)
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An old photo showing the main western entrance of Jamiʿ an-Nuri (mosque), Homs
The main western entrance to the courtyard.
A view shows monasteries and residential buildings, Saydnaya
Raqqa, Great Mosque; Aerial view
Raqqa - the excavations of the site "East of Raqqa" - Eastern Palace
Eastern East Palace, reconstruction
al-Burayj, General view of the Monastery of Saint Daniel, 6th c. AD
View to the west.
Porticus post scaenam, Roman Theater - Busra
[Original: Theater, Bühnengebäude (wahrsch. spätes 2. Jh.)]
The barrani (frigidarium) section of Hammam Manjak, Busra
Domed room of the reception wing, view from east
Habuba Kabira, view into a plastered cantilever dome with openings and decorative layer
Part of a decorated wooden door with ‘Ajami decoration from the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology
Remains of the Byzantine tower incorporated into the Umayyad complex at Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi (Palace)
[ Description by author: und rechts Eingang in den Innenhof, gesehen von ~ Südosten. Der "Balkon" am "Turm" ist eine Toilette - zumindest ist das so bei den Eremiten-Türmen des Kalksteinmassivs in Nordsyrien. Und bei den alten Dhaus in den Emiraten und 'Omân habe ich ganz ähnliches gesehen ....... ]
View from southwest, Agora
[ Description by author: Blick von ~ Südwesten diagonal über den Platz mit Resten der Portiken. Ganz rechts ein Durchgang zum Annex., vgl. Bild 0711 ! ]
At the peak of Mount Hermon (Jabal Haramun)
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad – sherds
Raqqa IV; Tall Aswad; Pottery garden probl. near excavation house in Tall Bi'a
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, entrance - stone carved Arabic inscriptions
Remaining stones of ancient building on the Jabal Haramun (Mount Hermon)
Archaeological objects, ar-Raqqa Museum
Bayt Junblat, southern iwan - one of the lateral windows
Jamiʿ ar-Rumi, view of the courtyard and the western arcade
Busra - Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Mabrak from the outside
General view of Jaʿbar castle
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
Turbat az-Zahir Baybars, mosaics covering the southern wall of the mausoleum
al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya [ Description by author: Ecke zwischen ~ West- und Nord-Wand. ]
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, upper part of the entrance - a cornice with floral motifs and a Qur'anic text in Kufic script
An aerial photograph of the city of Raqqa, showing the wall and the old mosque (original photo: Mohamad Al-Roumi)
ash-Shaykh Khalid an-Naqishbandi mausoleum on the foot Qasyon mountain
Turbat ash-Shaykh Khalid an-Naqishbandi written on the photos back ['F 80. Wulzinger-Nachlaß WU F80']
View of as-Sajur river
Bimaristan Arghun, entry portal detail
Traditional houses in Halbun
A little boy from a resettlement village is drawing water from a tap embedded in the ground
The village was resettled in the 70s to Northeast Syria due to the construction of the Al-Furat dam of the Euphrates. Typically, these houses were covered with a corrugated iron roof and had their water source in the court instead of inside the house.
General view Hama city, showing al-Muhamadiyya waterwheel (noria)
[Original: Blick auf die Stadt und ein Noria (Schöpfrad) am Stadtpark]
Amrit, Melqart temple (Eshmoun), central shrine
Raqqa, "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace, vegetable stucco ornaments
Raqqa IV; Eastern West-Palace, s.SW-Neg.85/412
As-Safira area in Aleppo province - clay dome houses
One of the square towers of Masyaf Castle
Takiyyat ash-Shaykh Abu Bakr, muqarnas decoration on the prayer niche
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a general view of bridge between the two castles
Hama, View of the courtyard, Great Mosque
Production of a contemporary ‘Ajami decoration in a Syrian workshop
Mohammad Haj Qab decorates the arch of the Syrian embassy in Bonn in 1992
The Mihrab of at-Taynabiyya Mosque
[ Description by author: Der Mihrâb oder ein Mihrâb der Moschee. Vermutlich konnte ich ihn nur sehen, weil sich die Moschee in Restauration befand. ]
In al-Hayat/Balikh valley, procedure for calcination of gypsum (1st step), fuel is placed on a natural gypsum layer
(See also 2nd and 3rd step of calcination of gypsum)
View of the Orontes River with rapids
General view of the complex constisting of a church and a palace of Qasr Ibn Wardan
[Original: sakraler Zentralbau und Palast, Palast, 564]
Warp threads in a mill of the textile factory of the Mezannar family in Damascus
Hama, al-Mudiq castle, A side of al-Mudiq castle shows some of its towers
Women wearing screen-printed headscarfs (Habari)
ar-Rusafa, North-Gate, view into the interior.
Ghuta of Damascus, olive trees in a grove
Hammam Bahram Basha, the main northern facade
Citadel of Aleppo, minaret of the Great Mosque
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
Tartus, ash-Shaykh Badr, Inscription in al-Kahf Castle
Khan Qurdbak, western portico from the inside
Exterior view of ad-Daydariyya cave
shap_import_44213
Raqqa, a side of Qasr al-Banat
Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, general view from the outside
ar-Rusafa, Basilika A, view from west of the bema and the apse
The Mount Hermon covered by snow
[Original:'Hermon-Gipfel, mit Schnee bedeckt, rechts im Hintergrund der Antilibanon']. The Bavarian air force division 304b was based in Palestine from 25. October 1917 and was involved in the First World War until the division left the region, over Aleppo, in mid September 1918. During that period, over 3000 glas photographs, mostly aerial, have been made. Those early photographs were important for the archaeological research in the Middle East.
Busra - (pool) Birkat al-Hajj
Jamiʿ as-Saffahiyya, minaret
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, iwan of hall entrance
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, prayer hall - minbar (pulpit)
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, eastern facade
Aghabani table cloths with gold and silver threads
Busra - Southern Roman Bath (al-Hammam ar-Rumani al-Janubi)
South-Thermae, view from the colonnade
Remains of the Praetorium from east, Balis (Barbalassos)
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, eastern Qaʿa, section north-south, view to east
"Small" qaa, view to east, double window partly reconstructed in drawing. Size of plan 70 x 50, with ruler (no scale).
Busra - Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Mabrak
Afqa spring, sulfuric water of the historic bath
[Original: Efqa-Quelle]
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, the prayer niche
A shepherd-boy with his herd, on the edge of al-Ghab Plain
[Original: Junge mit Schafe am Rand des Ghab]
The North West Tower of Damascus Citadel
Khan as-Sabun, mamluk ranks decorating the northern facade's gate
New buildings still empty for agricultural purposes in the Ghab-plain
General view of Masyaf Castle
Darat ʿAzza, city located along the St. Simeon Monastery road
The northern wall of the Damascus Citadel
Raqqa - the excavations of the site "East of Raqqa", Palace D, stucco decorations
A side of the cavea, Roman Theater at Busra
[Original: Theater, Cavea für 15.000 Zuschauer (Halbkreis von 102 m) und Bühnengebäude]
Khan Qurdbak, southern portico - Mamluk rank
Valley of Nahr Al-Kabir al-Shamali River
At-Takiyya al-Ikhlasiyya (az-Zawiya ar-Rifaʿiyya), general view of the northern facade
Bayt Wakil, iwan
General view of Krak des Chevaliers in an-Nasara valley area
Jaʿbar Castle, Minaret of the mosque
Jabla, Sultan Ibrahim Mosque, Interior view of a dome
Sirjilla, large press (P.01, House 09, southern annexe)
Trip of the IFEAD, the dead cities [voyage IFEAD, villes mortes]
Excavation work, Madinat al-Far
A capital decorated with acanthus leaves, Monastery of Saint Simeon
[Original: -k.K6/=HQ k.K24]
A Sheikh with his family in traditional clothes. The man is wearing a black Abbaya
Bayt Junblat, northern iwan
Traditional production of animal glue
Abdelraouf Baydoun working with the craft of ‘Ajami in his workshop in Malaysia
Painting on the wall of the iwan, al-ʿAzm Palace
Malerei auf der Rückseite des Iwans. ['Original: Hamâ (Epiphania),']
East of the Ghuta, rural houses in the Marj area
A niche with muqarnas on the main entrance of al-Bimaristan an-Nuri
Bab al-Maqam, general view
Statue of a benefactor on a column along the Great Colonnade
[ Description by author: und Würdenträgers. Wie Bild 0658, aber frontal. ]
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, entrance of prayer hall - arch support
A side from archaeological city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya)
Inside view [Original: "Salihiyyah, Burg, Innenseite, S.H. Taf, LXXXII"]
Irrigation canal near Baniyas
[Original: Bewäserungkanal im Küstengebiet des Raumes Banias]
The ceiling of the guest room (qaʿa), al-Quwatli House
Decke der Ataba in der Qa'a
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, general view of western facade and minaret
The most decorated facade of the mosque which can be seen from afar.
A view of an-Nuri mosque and the Kilaniyya norias (water wheels), Hama
[Original: Nuri-Moschee am Orontes (unter Nur ad-Din 1162/63 errichtet) und Norias]
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, bevelled wall corner with a Muqarnas console
at-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Towers of western walls
A carpet manufacturer from Al-Bab rolls out a finished felt carpet
Photographs of a manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al Bab as part of the "Aleppo Stadtarchivprojekt" of GIZ (German Corporation for International Cooperation) in 2008
Jabla, Mosque of Sultan Ibrahim, Quranic calligraphy
A Waterspout of the ablution fountain in the courtyard of al-Adilliyya Mosque
Bimaristan Arghun, general view of the southern courtyard - fountain and iwan
Agriculture on a mountain slope in Jabal al-ʿArab
Graves upon Jabal ʿAruda
Homs, Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque, an old photo from the 1920/30s
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
Citadel of Aleppo, exterior view of the domes of the Hammam
General view of Jaʿbar castle on the left bank of the Euphrates
Part of the of the city wall of Damascus
General view Suq al-Buzuriyya
restoration of a part of a decorated wooden panel with ‘Ajami decoration of the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985
Raqqa IV; Tall Aswad
Bab as-Salam, the "door of peace" in the north of Old Damascus
Jurn Kabir: in 1998 brooms were still made by hand in some villages
Hammam Bahram Basha, the cold section (barrani)
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle, stone arch
Afamiya, Northern Roman baths
A concrete irrigation canal in the Ghouta of Damascus
This view of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya shows the dome with two drums
The suspension bridge over the Euphrates in Dayr az-Zawr
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, muqarnas decorating a niche on the right side of the prayer hall's entrance
Habuba Kabira, maintenance of the house by a further exterior plastering
A boy in a metal workshop in Raqqa
Colossal basalt lion found in 1955 in ʿAyn Dara
A view of the courtyard of al-Jamiʿ al-Kabir, Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman
Madrasa al-Hallawiyya: interior view at the former Byzantine apse
Parts of the Byzantine cathedral (5th c.) were integrated into a religious college (Medrese) in the 12th century. During the war, the monument was damaged and plundered.
General view showing the remains of city wall
[ Description by author: Blick vom Gipfel, etwa hinter dem Fahnenheiligtum, nach ~ Südosten. Vorn unten das Fahnenheiligtum, davor das Prätorium und die Treppe. Dann schaut man durch die Via Praetoria nach hinten. Links das Allât-Heiligtum. Zu den Gebäuden im Hintergrund s. Bild 0801 ! ]
View, from south, at northern overbuilt part of Suq (bazaar) of Khan al-Harir (Picciotto house)
Shuyukh Tahtani, a kurdish extended family after their dinner
![Tall Brak, one of the earliest and largest cities in northern Mesopotamia during the 4th millennium BC [Original photo name:eye temple4]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F06%2Fshap_import_44758.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
Tall Brak, one of the earliest and largest cities in northern Mesopotamia during the 4th millennium BC [Original photo name:eye temple4]
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A group of domed houses in the village of Shaykh Hilal
In this scene, the workers coat the domes with mud as part of the restoration and maintenance work. These three domes seem to belong to one house.
Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, a circular aperture in the roof of courtyard
Raʾs al-ʿAyn, streetview of a late ottoman residential house and a warehouse beside, situated on a slope
Behind the stone building in the front of the photo is situated the garden of the late Ottoman house.
Palmyra, Baal Temple - Temenos wall with propylaeum and view towards the oasis
Maronite Cathedral, the nave
The minaret of Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.
Khan Qurdbak, detail of a window in the iwan
al-Husn Church, Remains of the basilica after its demolition and turning the site into an agricultural field
Horse harness manufacturer in the town of ar-Raqqa
Busra, Hammam Manjak, exterior view
Khan al-Jumruk, view of the mosque in the center of the Khan's courtyard
The wooden pulpit (minbar) in the prayer room of an-Nuri Mosque
Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.
The main mosque was built in 772 AD and renovated in the 12th century. Monumental witnesses of this history are the 25 m high minaret and the arcade wall.
Adult son of the semi-nomadic family in their tent from the Maskana region
Qalb Lawza, Basilica 5th c., view of main facade from south-west
A photo showing tomb towers, part of modern city and the oasis
A private Aleppine house
A view of a courtyard corner in a private Aleppian house, where we can see two façades that contain several arched windows.
The main facade of al-Bimaristan an-Nuri in Damascus
Main entrance, muqarnas, wall relief
Front facade of famous Hotel Zenobia in the ruins of Palmyra
Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, northern facade - al-Hijaziyya facade
Baalshamin Temple (2nd c AD), view from north west
Busra Citadel and the railway of the Hijaz line
A side of Ibn Maʿn Castle
Afamiya, a side of ruins
Bimaristan Arghun, northern courtyard - open dome
Pottery manufacturing in the Khabur region, probably in al-Busayri
Hills around Palmyra (parts of Palmyra Chains)
[Original: Blick von der Burg auf die Wüstenlandschaft]
Jurn Kabir, a typical old house of the Euphrates valley near Qalʿat Najm with a large log (willow) transverse to the longitudinal axis.
Bayt Dallal, ʿajami ceiling of a qaʿa (hall)
al-Malikiyya - ʿAyn al-Khadra, Basalt Tomb with arabic inscription
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, interior view of the prayer hall
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, east facade - one of the two columns which frame a window
Damascene painted tiles over the windows, as-Sinaniyya Mosque
[ Description by author: Detail: Lünetten mit bemalten Kacheln über den Fenstern. ]
Remain of City Wall, Palmyra
[ Description by author: Blick nach ~ Nordwesten. Vor der Mauer ganz rechts der Annex, zwischen den beiden Mauern liegt die Agora, bei der Säule ist der Eingang zum Bankettsaal, darüber die Burg. Im Verlauf der Mauer erkennt man ganz hinten das Diokletians-Lager.- Die Mauer wird bald als Diokletianisch, bald als Justinianisch bezeichnet: vermutlich unter Diokletian (rund 300 n. Chr.) erbaut und unter Justinian (ca. 550. n. Chr.) erneuert / verstärkt. ]
Fragments of stucco, Kharab Sayyar
Function of shafts or heddles
Drawings by Estibaliz Sienra Iracheta to illustrate processes of traditional textile manufacturing
Aerial view of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn (castle) from the west
Mushabbak, byzantine basilica
ar-Raqqa - Qasr al-Banat, the courtyard surrounded by four iwans
Aleppo Great Mosque, minaret, foundation inscriptions on the base
The minaret of the Great Mosque was commissioned by the judge (qadi) of Aleppo during the rule of the Seljuk dynasty in Syria. The beginning of its construction is indicated in the inscription at the base and the completion date is found at the top: 483 and 489 AH / 1090 and 1096 AD. It existed until 2013. The minaret is a square shape, its shaft is approximately 45 m high and made of limestone. On its upper edge, there is a cornice formed by two rows of flat arched niches lavishly adorned by floral elements. This is topped by an open wooden gallery for the muezzin (prayer caller) and a short tower with cupola. Between the base and the top, the minaret is divided into four zones of varying height. Those are, except for the second one, decorated with blind arches formed by profiled mouldings each running uninterruptedly around the minaret’s shaft. Each zone is separated by friezes with calligraphic, artistically written, Arabic inscriptions. These exquisitely carved inscriptions are written in floriated Kufi – a script style distinguished by bold letters adorned with floral motifs – and in Naskhi script. At the base of the minaret is the signature of the architect Hasan ibn Mufrih al-Sarmani written inside a cartouche. The inscription from the minaret’s base shows that the local Aleppine judge and the Seljuk governor shared power in the city, as their names are mentioned together: “The mosques of God are only to be maintained by those who believe in God and the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakat [(alm-tax); Quran 9:18]. It was started to be built by the High Judge Ibn al-Khashshab Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Khashshab, may God have mercy on him. In the days of al-Amin al-ʿAjal al-Muzaffar Qasim al-Dawla wa-Nasir al-Mila Abi Saʿid Aqsunqur Bak, the slave of the Commander of the Faithful, may God enhance his supporters”. The upper inscriptions indicate the names of the then ruling Seljuk sultans Malikshah I and Tutush, and of Barakat ibn Faris, commander of the urban militia.
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad - finds
Tall Aswad; relief decorated pottery
A side from the courtyard of Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, Bab Tuma
Hof mit Liwan und Seitenliwan
Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, historic photo of the prayer niche
Mihrab
Qalʿat al-Marqab, Fresco on the ceiling of chapel sacristy, 12th C.
Remains of arches, Qasr al-Hayr ash-Sharqi
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, general view of the madrasa from the Great Mosque minaret
Bab Qinnasrin (city gate), inscription beside the gate from the outside
On the photo was mentioned: date of creation between 1985-86
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, prayer hall
General view of al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya (the coastal mountains) covered by forests
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, general view of the minaret
The only minaret in Aleppo with two galleries.
Children from the region, Krak des Chevaliers in the background
The entrance into the castle of al-Marqab is framed by a stepped portal
Tall Dahab, Guesthouse of a village with sculptural decoration of the facade
Aleppo Citadel, entrance gateways and bridge
Tall Dahab, Bedding pile in the family's living and storage room
Al-Bab, the upper part of al-Jamiʿ al-Kabir (the Great Mosque) minaret
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace - finds
Westpalace; Find Nr.12240
Khan Murad Basha (Museum of Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman), Mosaic
[Original: Khan Murad Pascha, Bodenmosaik (4. - 7. Jh., aus den Toten Städten)]
Traditional dress for men in the villages of at-Tabqa
Big stairs lead to the upper floor, Royal Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)
Die große Rampe im Nordwestteil des Palastes (nach rechts geht es zur großen Treppe). Auf einem Internet-Bild wird sie als (Rampe einer) "Ziggurat" bezeichnet, dann stünden wohl der Rote Tempel / Ishtar-Tempel D auf dieser Ziggurat. Arber: wie passt das mit dem Palast zusammen ? Oder stammt diese Ziggurat aus der zweiten Blütezeit von Ebla und hat den Palast (teilweise) überlagert ? [Original:Tall Mardîkh (Ebla)']
A two-story building in a village in Ghuta
It is hard to tell the exact date of this building, but it is clear from its architectural style that it dates back to the beginning of the second half of the 20th century.
Habuba Kabira, clay bricks are drying - at the edge of the village, because there is enough space
Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila - plan
Lion of goddess Al-Lat, 1st c. AD
[ Description by author: Detail, vom Eingang des Temenos der Allât. Sie symbolisiert den beschützenden Aspekt - siehe die "glückliche" Antilope - der Herrin der Tiere. Die Statue soll um die Zeitenwende entstanden sein. Eine Kopie - oder doch das Original ? - steht im Garten des Nationalmuseums in Damaskus. Vgl. Bild 0752 und 0754 ! ]
Bab Qinnasrin, general view of the gate's tower with its machicolations and parapets
A view of the inner courtyard showing the Seljuk dome with muqarnas, al-Bimaristan an-Nuri
A room in the family wing (haramlik or juwwani), Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace
Temple of Mushannaf, southwest corner, pilaster capital
Roman Theater, 2nd c. AD
The theatre had been renovated before the war. It was used by ISIS for executions.
Vaulted hall in the old city of Tartus
General view of the hillside houses of Maʿlula town
[Original: Maalulla, Ländliche Siedlung]
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, facade and entrance of the prayer hall
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, Narthex of south basilica (south façade of church)
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, entrance - stone carved Arabic inscriptions
Aleppo, view at street life in Quwwatli street in 1963
The Cave Monastery, northwest of Palmyra, Jazil
[ Description by author: Trotz der völlig anderen Landschaft musste ich an das Höhlenkloster Dair Mâr Marûn am 'Assi in der Nähe von Hirmil im Libanon denken (Bilder dort !). ]
Traditional houses, Ma'lula
Nahiyat Tall Tamir, Street facade of a house in an Assyrian village, that still kept one domed room.
Afamiya Theater, remains of Cavea
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Burj Alaʾ, general view of the tower
Aliya Alnuami is applying the relief paste on her ‘Ajami-work
Ar-Raqqa - Islamic coins discovered in the site of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq
Numairidian Coin; approx. 450 h.; Ra91-GrMo-8145 (A)
Kharab Shams, central nave of the basilica
[Orignal: Säulenbasilika, 4. Jh. von weitem, Mittelschiffarkaden nach Osten]
View from the Philippeion to the city, Shahba
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, southern part, ground floor plan before demolition
Before destruction of southern part in 1950, copy. Size of plan 42 x 30. no scale. [Original on plan: الجبهة بحالتها الراهنة]
Al-Madrasa ash-Sharafiyya, the entrance from the interior
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, general view of al-Malik az-Zahir Ghazi tomb
Tomb of Az-Zahir Ghazi and his family.
Raqqa, Northeast Complex
Jamiʿ as-Saffahiyya, entrance
A road in a village in the Syrian coastal mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)
Habuba Kabira, the stacked bricks under the relieving arch are removed by the master bilder
At-Tabqa, Jaʿbar Castle, Entrance of a bastion with loopholes
Excavation work, Madinat al-Far
Qasr (palace) al-Hayr al-Gharbi, view of the ruins
Olive groves near Harim
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, muqarnas squinches of the iwan dome
Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, entrance to the prayer hall
al-Husn Church, remains of basilica's wall, which constitue the boundary of an agricultural field
General view of al-Qadmus Castle on a natural rocky hill
Raqqa countyside, shepherd with traditional woolen coat in the village Suwaydiyya Kabira
Maʿlula, the procession to the Holy Cross celebration also passes through the narrow alleys of the old town.
As-Sabuniyya Mosque, the upper part of the entrance, muqarnas and rich ornaments
[ Description by author: Dekor des oberen Teiles, wohl von ~ Osten gesehen. ]
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior
The hall has a rectangular ground plan. Based on a square middle room, it is divided by 12 pillars, all spanned by pointed arches, into 20 compartments of two different forms: two narrow oblong ones each on three sides of the central area (see picture 5) and two smaller square ones each in the adjacent corner areas. Between the pillar pairs that frame an oblong compartment stands a column each with octagonal shaft and multifaceted capital, which is formed by small geometric cells (muqarnas). Towards the side of the windowed entrance wall, the hall is only one bay deep. The courtyard side with its second row of pillars functioned as a kind of entrance portico, being once opened by four high pointed arches within the outside wall. The central area is covered by a high dome. Supported by four massive pillars, it rests on muqarnas pendentives – triangular-shaped with tiered rows of geometric cells –, and is topped by a round lantern with small columns plus pointed cupola. The other parts are covered with elongated, flattened vaults and small domes according the respective compartment form
Details of decoration on the Qaws Hadrian (Arch of Triumph)
[ Description by author: - wo genau ? ['Monumentalbogen, ??/??/2002'] ]
Tall Bdiri, Farmsteads, that have no enclosure walls
Suq ad-Dahsha, general view of the suq
Afamiya, Remains of Great Colonnade (Cardo Maximus)
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Interior view of the tomb tower of Elahbel
Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila, inscription
Exterior northern facade and the entrance of at-Taynabiyya Mausoleum-Mosque
[ Description by author: mit dem Ersatz-"Minarett". ]
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, corbel with muqarnas supporting an arch in the inner portico
A craftsman working on a Jacquard loom in the textile factory of the Mezannar family, Damascus
Northwest corner of Nabu Temple
[ Description by author: ~ Nordwest-Ecke. In der Mitte das Podium des Tempels, vorn zwei Säulen und viele Basen der ~ West-Kolonnade des Tempelhofes. Hinten rechts die Propyläen, ganz hinten links die arabische Bastion des Bel-Tempels. ]
One of the inner part of Ibn Maʿn Castle
Suq ad-Dahsha, general view of the suq
On september 14th at the Holy Cross Feast in Maʿlula, with the standard of the Holy Cross Youth
As-Sisi alley: southern entrance with gate
View of the alley seen from the southern end, where the former gate, built in a narrow place, is clearly visible. Such gates were common until the beginning of the twentieth century in many old town streets, and were closed every evening.
View of towards the city and the monastery of Saydnaya
General view of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn
[ Description by author: Stimmt die Standortangabe ? Dazu passt, dass der Standort etwas erhöht ist: das Zenobia Hotel liegt auf einem Hügel. Dagegen spricht das Gebäude unten links: wenn es das Tempel-Grab ist, müsste man links die Säulenfassade und keine Wand sehen. Jedenfalls: von ~ Südosten die Burg auf ihrem Bergkegel. ['Zenobia Hotel (?),'] ]
View into a room in Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)
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al-Bab ash-Sharqi, a small arched side entrance
People near the historical city Wall of Raqqa
Khan Qurdbak, southern part of the Khan - iwan of the Mamluk Palace
Jisr ash-Shughur, the ruins of Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle
Habuba Kabira, construction of the corner of a mud brick house
Al-Madrasa ash-Sharafiyya, prayer niche decorated with geometric patterns
Damascus, an Arabic inscription on the gateway top of Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm
Tourists with a local resident at the Peak of Mount Hermon (Jabal Haramun)
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, general view of the western facade and the entrance
Part of Damascus City Wall to the east of the city
Bayt Junblat, the large courtyard and iwan
A view of the large courtyard of Junblat house, and in the center there is a large water basin built from the outside in the style of Ablq, in which stone rows alternates between yellow and black color. The iwan in the picture is one of the highest in traditional Aleppo houses. The iwan is covered with blue and white glazed ceramic tiles.
Corner of a Bedouin tent from goat hair during the desert festival in ar-Rusafa
View of the Barada Valley in the 1960s
Suq Aslan Dada, view of the Mamluk coat of arms (rank) at the north entrance after completion of the rebuilding work
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace - Pottery
Raqqa VIII; Eastern West Palace, SW-Neg.89/658-699
Khan al-Wazir, interior facade of the khan's entrance
Summerrestaurant in Bludan
Jabal al-ʿArab, Camel
Bayt Ghazala, ʿajami wall panels decorating the red hall (qaʿa)
View to the village al-Awshariyya on the northern shore of the Sajur near the junction with the Euphrates river
Citadel of Aleppo, entrance gateways and bridge
Spools in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Chickpeas
Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, the entrance
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View from Harim Castle towards the nearby plains
Sphinx in the Temple of 'Ayn Dara
Monastery of St Simeon, baptismal font
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, interior view of the prayer hall (qibliyya) showing the niche (mihrab)
Busra - Southern Roman Bath (al-Hammam ar-Rumani al-Janubi)
Exterior view to east
A view of the Mosque of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya with Qasyun mountain in the background
The suspension bridge over the Euphrates in Dayr az-Zawr
Interior view of Mar Taqla Monastery, Maʿlula
Safita, General view of the city showing the Donjon of the Templars
Jamiʿ ad-Darwishiyya, framed window with a decorative strip, topped by an ornamental arch
[ Description by author: mit Bordüre. ]
Guesthouse of a wealthy family in Maskana, attached is an iwan
Archaeological excavation at Balis
Bayt al Haj Musa (cad. no. VII 2060 and 2056)/ Reduced ground plan with ruler
Built structures under a mamluk qa'a that was destroyed before 19th century, Size of plan 28 x 38 . with ruler (no scale).
View from the top towards the oasis and the ruins of Palmyra
[ Description by author: Ganz vorn unten ein Stück der Stadtmauer. Hinten das Areal des Bel-Tempels, vgl. Bild 0811 ! Ganz rechts, hinter der Mauer, ein Teil des Hotels Sham Palace. Blick nach ~ Osten. ]
The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC
Gate of south-western side/ view from outside [Original: "Salihiyyah, Tor der Südwestseite / von Außen"]
Muzayrib - Ruins of an historical bridge
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, interior view of southern facade - entrance and minaret
City center of Raqqa with a barber, small suq-shops and mobile traders of vegetables and fruits
The prayer hall's arches of the Umayyad Mosque
Khan Qurdbak, southern and eastern porticos
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, column details in the double arcade
Courtyard of Khan Murad Basha (Museum of Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman)
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Remains of the temple, Harran al-ʿAwamid
[ Description by author: die noch verblieben sind. Der Tempel soll aus der Zeit des Kaisers Philippus Arab, also kurz vor 250 n. Chr. stammen. Wikipedia spricht von "Hauranischem Einfluss": dazu würde der Basaltkern der Säulen gut passen - was römisch in Damaskus erhalten ist, ist Kalkstein. Vgl. Bild 0374 und 0375 ! ]
Jurn Kabir, inside a traditional living room, equipped with wooden door and window, water basin and felt carpet (lubbad)
Bab Antakiya, main gate
![[S.156 Abb.170]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2Fshap_import_48714-1024x697.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
[S.156 Abb.170]
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace
[1985/50/750] = [photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no.]
10 piastres (silver), 17 mm, 1929 (French Mandate)
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The dome hall in the upper floor of Qasr al-ʿAzm (Palace)
Der Kuppelsaal. ['Original: Hamâ (Epiphania),']
The suspension bridge over the Euphrates, Dayr az-Zawr
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
ar-Rusafa, North Gate of the city wall, interior
[Original: 7-Syr98/17-14]
Jamiʿ Sharaf, Qastal
Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, the prayer niche
Typical mihrab of a mosque. Maybe the mosque is near Jami al-Tuta. [Original: Mihrâb, Halab / Aleppo. Typischer Mihrâb einer Moschee (vermutlich in der Nähe der Jâmi' at-Tûta)'].
ar-Rusafa -interior view- North Gate of the basilica
At-Takiyya al-Mawlawiyya, prayer hall (old Midan)
Agriculture in the Coastal Mountains (al-Jibal as-Sahiliyya)
[Original: Bewässerte Zitruspflanzung im Vorland d. Ansariyengebirges]
Interior view to the west showing the courtyard and the entrance of al-Bimaristan an-Nuri
[ Description by author: Innenseite, gesehen über den Innenhof nach ~ Westen. ]
A side of the Cavea, Palmyra Theater
[ Description by author: rechte Seite. Im Hintergrund ganz rechts der Monumentalbogen, in etwa Bildmitte die Säulen am Eingang der Diokletians-Thermen. Der Bogen und der Bogenansatz ganz links markieren den Südost-Durchgang in die Rundstraße ums Theater. Gesehen nach ~ Ost-Süd-Ost. ]
(Bath) Hammam ʿAbd al-Basit - plan
The Byzantine basilica, view from the south, Qalʿat Burqush
[ Description by author: der byzantinischen Basilika, gesehen von ~ Süden. Links ein Stück der Südwestwand, rechts schaut man durch die eingestürzte Südost-Wand in die Gewölbe. Der Stein unter dem Bord links entspricht in seiner Höhe genau dem Stein rechts: der ganze Zwischenraum ist als Mauer zu denken. ]
Al-Madrasa ash-Sharafiyya, the dome from outside
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Suq Istanbul al-Jadid, view to north of the destroyed market
Arch of Triumph (Qaws Hadrian) behind palm trees
[ Description by author: am Knick der Säulenstraße, und ein Stück der Kolonnade Richtung Tetrapylon. Morgendlicher Fernblick von einem der beiden Hotels, also von ~ Nordosten. ['Hotel Villa Palmyra (Heliopolis ?)'] ]
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, tomb - interior view of the dome damages
An upward view of the overall roof structure, a stone dome, elevated on a dodecagonal drum, and below, bent squinches made of muqarnas (stalactite forms) in transition to the quadrilateral form on pointed arches. Missing elements on north part of the drum; a hole of 2m dia., and loose elements/ cracks in the dome stonework construction
in the Ghab plain: thatched mud houses, 1963
Vaulted entrance, Qalʿat Harim from the interior
Mushabbak, Byzantine basilica, a side of the church
[Original: Dreischiffige Säulenbasilika, 2. H. 5. Jh., 18,5 x 13,8 m]
A small window in the middle of a niche- upper floor, Qal‘at Shayzar
Khan Qurdbak, ground plan, first floor, reduced copy
First floor, Hotel Balit, iwan (mamluk.) Uzdemir [15]. size of plan 60 x 40. with ruler (no scale) .
Busra, Hammam Manjak, interior view
Bimaristan Arghun, passageway
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Roman Gate (Peribolos) at the Straight Street, Old City of Damsacus
[ Description by author: Gesehen von ~ Südwesten, mittlerer Durchgang. Die "Bürgersteige" der Geraden Straße wurden im Mittelalter zu Straßen, der alte Fahrdamm überbaut. Aber ab diesem Bogen für einige hundert Meter nach Osten besteht noch die alte Struktur: der Fahrdamm wurde ein offener Sûq, die "Bürgersteige" auch hier Straßen. Vgl. Bild 0322 ! ]
Two Kurdish women. The woman on the right is wearing a traditional woven overgarment
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Palace D, ar-Raqqa; Relief Decorated Stone; now in National Museum Damascus
Artificial field irrigation and drinking water supplies, al-Ghab Plain
Tartus, ash-Shaykh Badr, Entrance gate to al-Kahf castle
Camels in the Great Colonnade, Palmyra
[Original: Kamele in der Säulenstraße]
Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, an inscription above the entrance gate
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Palmyra, View of the remains of Diocletian's Camp
[ Description by author: Blick vom Hang des Jabal al-Husainiya oberhalb des Fahnenheiligtums nach ~ Südosten. Ganz unten das Fahnenheiligtum, davor der Platz des Präteriums, davor ein Vestibül mit vier (nur eine steht) monolithischen Säulen, dann nach hinten die Via Praetoria, die hinter den Säulen in der Mitte von der Via Principalis geschnitten wird. Daran, links davon, der Allât-Tempel. Außerdem erkennt man ganz hinten gleich rechts der Mitte den Tetrapylon, weiter rechts den Bel-Tempel. ]
Muzayrib - Ruins of an historical bridge
Pilgerstraße, Brücke
The southern tower of Qal‘at Shayzar
Aghabani table cloth
Excavation of mosaic floor, ʿAyn al-ʿArus
Mosaic floor panel in hexagonal shape
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, the upper part of the entrance - a cornice with floral motifs and a Qur'anic text in Kufic script
{Original: Maulbeerbaum }. on the photo was mentioned: date of creation between 1985-86
Palmyra, Colonnaded axis and Qalʿat Ibn Mʿan in the back
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, northern entrance
Great Mosque, Plan of the building parts
The Great Mosque of Aleppo has moderate damage, except for the complete destruction of the minaret in April 2013. The degree of damage is around 30%. The western wing shows two large circular holes in the roof. There are currently no photographs available which clarify the extent of the interior damage. Several fires have affected parts of the main prayer hall causing damage especially to the southern gate and the wooden doors of the northern facade. The northern arcade was burned and its main gate partially damaged. The eastern part of the courtyard floor is torn out.
Lion of goddess Al-Lat, 1st c. AD
The lion was embedded in the outer wall of the Al-Lat temple. As a protector of an antelope it is a symbol of peacefullness. The stone statue was severely damaged by ISIS.
Qalʿat Jaʿbar, vaulted loophole
An open sky passage in the Castle of Harim
Minaret of al-Imam Ismaʿil Mosque, as-Salamiyya
Gesehen von der Sâhat al-Hurriya nach ~ Südosten. Im Vordergrund zwei byzantinische Säulen mit Kapitellen, vermutlich aus einer Kirche. [Original: 'Salamiya (Salamias)']
Raqqa - finds discovered in the site "East of Raqqa", the Eastern Complex, clay decorations
Khusrawiyya-complex, view of the Mosque in 2010
Bayt Dallal, iwan ceiling and canopy
Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi, seen towards the south
[Original: Mo. Nach S.]
Wakil house, interior façade of the upper floor
A carried balcony is open to the courtyard with two adjacent arches, and on the right, there are several windows upstairs.
Upper Barada valley in Jibal Lubnan ash-Sharqiyya (Anti-Lebanon Mountains)
A side of Agora
[ Description by author: Gesehen nach West-Süd-West. Ist das hier der Altar, und der Mauerdurchbruch die Nische für das Götterbild / den Betyl ? ]
Northern Palmyrenean chalk heights, lonely Atlantic pistachio in the riverbed of a dried-up wadi
Jamiʿ (mosque) ash-Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi, seen from Friday's suq
Photos near al-Jami' as-Salimi, Nr.50
A traditionally crafted tapestry weave
Bayt Ghazala, ʿajami wall panels decorating the main hall (qaʿa)
[Original: B86 /Film XV]
A mechanical loom in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Khan Qurdbak, Ground floor plan, reduced copy with ruler
Ground floor, [14]. size of plan 60 x 40 .with ruler (no scale) .
Monolith ceiling of the south thalamos in the cella, Temple of Bel
[ Description by author: Cella, Süd-Thalamos: Decke. Sie besteht aus einem einzigen Monolithen. ]
Al-Marja Square with the Column of Telegraph, Damascus
Jamiʿ al-Mihmandar, prayer hall - minbar (pulpit)
Monastery of St. Simeon Stylites, late 5th-early 6th c., Exterior of sanctuary of east basilica (apse from exterior)
In the vicinity of a small town/village on the slope of a natural rock, possibly in the Afrin region
Question: Does anyone know where the place shown in the photo is located? The photo was taken in 1984 somewhere in West or North Syria. On the photo one can see a small river, a wide plain with fields and trees, and a rock rising from the plain with a small building on top. On the slope of this rock is situated a village. Since there are low mountains in the background, the photo may have been taken in the Afrin region.
Village alley in the Balikh region with calf and goats
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, one of the flying buttresses supporting the prayer hall dome
Sirjilla, two-storeyed andron
[Original: Andron mit doppelgeschossiger Vorhalle, von Konsolenkapitellen getragen, 6. Jh.]
Bayt Junblat, northern iwan - decoration of faience tiles
Habuba Kabira, entrance side of a room half deepened into the grown soil (in local dialect: debabe)
Remains of the Halabiyya fortifications, 8th-9th century BC
Spools in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Raising camels in the western part of Badiyat ash-Sham
Reconstruction of Assyrian town Dur Katlimmu
Reconstruction of Assyrian town Dur Katlimmu in the modern village Tall Shaykh Hamad. Taken on: Exhibition stand "Umwelt und Technik vor 3500 Jahren" on Hannover Messe 1983
Junblat house, the southern iwan decorated with marble and tiles
The summer iwan belongs to a residential large house with several courtyards and opens to one of them. It is lined with ceramic tiles. Parts of the complex were damaged during the war.
Tall Abyad, Historical watermil of ʿAyn al ʿArus
Remains City Wall and Ibn Maʿn Castle in the back
[ Description by author: Blick nach ~ Nordwesten: Burg und Prätorium / Fahnenheiligtum des Diokletians-Lagers. Zwischen Burg und Lager erkennt man die nördliche Stadtmauer - die Stadtmauer läuft westlich des Lager den Berg dahinter (Jabal al-Husainiya) hoch zu einer kleinen Festung und dann auf der Nordseite wieder hinunter. Dies ist eine beliebte Befestigungsform, besonders schön erhalten in Halabiya (Zenobia) am Euphrat. ]
Khan al-Hibal, the northern facade, upper floor
View, from south, at northern overbuilt part of Suq (bazaar) of Khan al-Harir (Picciotto house)
Paintings in Hananiya church in Bab Tuma quarter
Paintings on the walls of a room in the church, that tell the story of Paul's missionary journeys between 46 and 62 AD.
Busra - Southern Roman Bath (al-Hammam ar-Rumani al-Janubi)
Exterior view to north, palaestra of the South Baths
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard - eastern facade
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, general view of central dome
View from the minaret to the lead-covered dome, which was placed on a short cylindrical wall (tambour). The eight short buttresses at the corners of the roof above the prayer room, which are supposed to compensate for the transverse forces of the dome, are clearly visible.
Interior view of Qanawat theater
View, from south, at northern overbuilt part of Suq (bazaar) of Khan al-Harir (Picciotto house)
In al-Hayat/Balikh valley, procedure of calcination of gypsum (2nd step): the fuel was lit
(See also 1st and third step of calcination of gypsum)
General view of Maʿlula
[ Description by author: Gesehen bei der Anfahrt von ~ Süden. Auf dem Berg hinten links Kirche und Kloster der Heiligen Sergios (Mâr Sarkîs) und Bacchos.- Ma'lûlâ und eine Nachbargemeinde sind die einzigen Orte, in denen noch bis ins 20. Jh. Aramäisch gesprochen wurde, heute ist es praktisch ausgestorben.- Der GPS-Tag ist approximativ. ]
Bayt Junblat, courtyard and northern iwan
Eating breakfast in the shop
View to the east, courtyard of Jamiʿ an-Nuri (mosque), Homs
The courtyard of the mosque: to the left is the riwaq (arcade hall), opened to the north, and to the right the northern facade of the courtyard.
Suq al-Hamidiyya
Seller of traditional refreshing drinks in the city's most famous bazaar. It was built at the end of the 19th century in the European style.
Izraʿ, al-Jamiʿ (Mosque) al-ʿUmari - inscription on basalt stone
Citadel of Aleppo, the Museum - inscription
Jurn Kabir, whitewashing with chalk milk
Maps of Aleppo: functional zoning in the ancient city, 1982
Thematic map of Aleppo ancient city-center: Functional zoning. Scale 1:2000, ruler and legend: - Retail I (higher level, western style), - Retail II (more simple/ traditional), - Retail III (basic level), - Retail IV (for rural customers), - Quarter suq I (rich assortment), - Quarter suq II (simple & handycrafts), - Wholesale I (offices & delivery/higher standard), - Wholesale II (warehouse/ lower standard), - Wholesale III (warehouse for purchase/ agricultural materials), - Warehouse (basic for retail, wholesale and crafts), - Basic usage I (storage, garbage, cattle), - Basic usage II (housing in non-housing buildings), - Crafts I (modern western), - Crafts II (traditional+technolgy), - Crafts III (traditional, basic), - Religious building, - Hammam, Schooll, - Traditional Coffeehouse, - Public authority-health-military use. [Original in German: Aleppo: Funktionale Gliederung | Karte 3] Inventory no. stamp: Museum für Islamische Kunst Isl 85/31 2 Berlin-Dahlem. Part of TAVO Reihe B Nr. 58
Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), cross section of the facade
Fresco on the apse, Roman Orthodox St. Elian Church, Homs
[ Description by author: Zumindest Rückwand des Raumes rechts der Apsis: Fresko eines Heiligen, Ich wäre geneigt, die Buchstaben als "Abraham" zu lesen - aber wird der so recht jugendlich mit Heiligenschein dargestellt ? ]
Raqqa, Qasr (Palace) al-Banat, an octagonal basin in the centre of the courtyard
Hiraqla victory monument - Decorative stone panel
Raqqa, Northeast Complex
General view of Tall Mardikh (Ebla)
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Zayzun waterfalls of a tributary to Yarmuk river, which is there the border between Syria and Jordan
Salah ad-Din castle, the upper part of the mosque entrance, lobed arch with muqarnas
Raqqa, the archway of Baghdad Gate
Al-Khusrawiyya, Friday Mosque, 1547
Jaʿbar castle, southern side of the castle
Ruins of Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas on the edge of a mountain slope
Remains of fortifications along the Euphrates River, Halabiyya
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, the great iwan dome
Lintel of the entrance of a hall in the roman religious complex, Mnin
[ Description by author: Detail aus dem Türsturz der kleinen Halle. ]
Part of the propylaea, Jupiter Temple
[ Description by author: am Tympanon des Westportals des Períbolos. Vgl. Bild 0150 und 0151 ! ]
Detail of decorations, Agora
[ Description by author: Ausschnitt aus dem Mäander-Dekor. ]
Bayt Wakil, courtyard and fountain
Tall Shaykh Hamad (Dur Katlimmu) - Excavations
[Original:'TALL SAIH HAMAD']
Aleppine Soap
The picture shows a section of the cubed laurel soap bar after drying. It is green on the inside.
Citadel of Aleppo, main entrance gateway
[Original: Zitadelle, Haupttor, Vortor und Brücke]
Ghuta of Damascus, aerial photograph of some orchards
Farmers in the Ghouta of Damascus have adopted a dense and mixed farming pattern of diverse vegetables, fruits, trees and aromatic plants. The residences are placed in the orchards.
Stone coffins in the Southern Palace, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)
Wie Bild 1175, diesmal nach ~ Osten gesehen. Man beachte die "Becken" (Särge ?) zwischen den Orthostaten. [Original:Tall Mardîkh (Ebla)']
Maronite Cathedral, general view of the main entrance
Busra, Hammam Manjak, exterior view
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, entrance of the tomb
The façade of the cathedral of Our Lady of Tortosa, the museum of Tartus today
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, the hall - octagonal neck of the dome
al-Malikiyya - ʿAyn al-Khadra, Basalt Tomb with arabic inscription
Jurn Kabir, Woman demonstrating the production of a rod mat (arab. zarb) with the help of stone weights
Hillside houses of Armanaz on a mountain slope
Introducing the blue dye in boiling water to the silk threads. This process is repeated several times until the silk absorbs the blue dye effectively
ِAleppo, Khan as-Sabun, partial view from eastern arcade in the first floor
View of a hill in the upper Euphrates valley (al-Furat al-Aʿla)
Hammam Bahram Basha, the main northern facade
Bayt Wakil, iwan
Kafr Halab village, clay dome houses
Remains of an ancient minaret in Khirbat as-Sarayij
Busra - Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Mabrak
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, faience tiles decoration above a window
[Original: 'Jâmi' al-'Âdiliya, Halab / Aleppo. Fayence-Dekor, vgl. den aus der Takiya as-Sulaimâniya in Dimashq Bild 0122, 0123 !'].
The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC
[Stadttor]
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, prayer hall (qibliyya), window above the prayer niche
Excavation work in Tall Brak
![Painting of Euphrates river at Tibne. Dated 15.02.1899 [Original: Euphrat bei Tibne]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2Fshap_import_6692-1024x649.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
Painting of Euphrates river at Tibne. Dated 15.02.1899 [Original: Euphrat bei Tibne]
View of Qaws Hadrian (Arch of Triumph) and the Great Colonnade
General view of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn (castle)
[Original: mittelalterliche arabische Burg]
The village of Jurn Kabir before the region was flooded by the Tishrin dam
Panel with flower bouquet, from an unknown house near Bab Saghir, Damascus, presumably first half 18th century
Madrasat al-Firdaws, general view to north - courtyard, eastern arcade and iwan
[Original:'Madrasa al-Firdaus, Halab / Aleppo. Fertiggestellt 1235/36. Hier der Innenhof mit dem großen Iwân.].
Application of the relief paste of a ‘Ajami decoration
Workshop of Abdelraouf and Ziad Baydoun in Malaysia
Access to the Castle's interior, Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn
[ Description by author: Der typische abgeknickte Zugang ins Innere der Burg. ['Qal'a, 25/03/2002 (?)'] ]
Patchwork for textile designs
Drawings by Estibaliz Sienra Iracheta to illustrate processes of traditional textile manufacturing
The enjoyment of sulfur water in Afqa Spring
[Original: Efqa-Quelle in Palmyra, 2002 od. früher versiegt]
Tomb of the three Brothers, 2nd c.
The colourful fresco of the subterranean burial chamber present mythological creatures. Local and Roman artistic traditions were joined together.
Habuba Kabira, view over cantilever domes during construction
Busra, Hammam Manjak, Islamic Museum
Tall Abyad, House decoration to welcome the house owner after the pilgrimage to Mekka
Reception hall in al-ʿAzm Palace
Suq Aslan Dada, view of the Mamluk coat of arms (rank) at the north entrance after completion of the rebuilding work
Remains of vaults in Halabiya-Zalabiya
Khan al-Wazir, main entrance and the northern wall after widening the street
Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna
Das alte Qatnâ war in der ersten Hälfte des 2. Jts v. Chr. eine Stadt von einiger Bedeutung und geriet dann in das Spannungsfeld zwischen Ägyptern und Hethitern. Von den letzteren wurde es um 1340 zerstört. . [Original: Al-Mishrifa / Qatnâ']
Courtyard of a rural house in the Ghouta of Damascus
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle, Arabic inscription
Al-Bara, Pyramid Tomb A, 6th century
The Mausoleum A with its pyramid-shaped roof lies in the middle of oil plantations. The wealth of the region was based on the production of olives.
Busra, al-Jami‘ al-ʿUmari and Hammam Manjak, exterior facades
The historic alley leading to al-ʿAzm Palace
[Original: Azem-Palast, von Asad-al-Azem 1740 begonnen, unter seinem Neffen Nasuh Pascha al-Azam Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts erweitert]
ar-Rusafa, Goat hair tent erected for a funeral service
Izraʿ, al-Jamiʿ (Mosque) al-ʿUmari - the courtyard
The dome of Maqam Salah ad-Din al-Ayyubi
[ Description by author: Der Bogen rechts und das anschließende Grab sind die einzigen Reste der Madrasa 'Azaziya, gegründet von einem Sohn Salâhu d-Dîns, wo dieser 1195, zwei Jahre nach seinem Tode, beigesetzt wurde.- Gesehen nach ~ Nordwesten. ]
A circular skylight opening of Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm's courtyard (collapsed central dome)
Jurn Kabir, children at the sabil of a private house, where people passing find potable water
Khan Qurdbak, iwan with basement of neighbouring qaʿa
Khan Qurdbak. ground floor plan of iwan with basement of Qaa in Bayt Haj Musa al-Amiri. GW 688, originally part of Khan Hajj Mussa al-Amiri, also on plan: iwan of Khan Qurdbak ([26a] / for description: see book Suwayaqt Ali, p. 33. size of plan 42 x 30. Ruler.
Shops in Suq al-Hamidiyya, Old Damascus
General view of Qalat Salah ad-Din
Jabal al-ʿArab, a view of volcanic area
[Original: Vulkanit-Aufschluß sü. d. Leja, ö.d. Straße]
Khan al-Jumruk, detail of exterior facade of the khan's entrance
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, the hall
The core of the hall was only partially damaged, while the section of the central dome with its high lantern was, for the most part, destroyed.
A view at the town of Maʿlula
[Original: Große Orientreise Nr.63 mit Rotel-Tours: Amman-Bagdad-Uruk-Babylon-Arbil-Mosul-Hatra-Samara-Mari-Dura Europos-Aleppo-Dayr Saman-Ugarit-Palmyra-Jarash]
Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - The minaret and the courtyard
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle, Arabic inscription
Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila, courtyard and ablution fountain
Madrasat al-Firdaws, a grave on the west of prayer hall
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, entrance of the tomb
General view of the architectural remains, Sirjilla
In the sleeping compartment of the tent of a semi-nomadic family from Maskana-region
25 piastres (Commemorative coins: 25th anniversary of al-Baath Party), 20,3 mm, 1972
Northeast Tower, Khan al-Hallabat
[ Description by author: (der rechte von Bild 0944) und Eingang, gesehen von Südosten. ]
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, the entrance from the inside
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, western facade from the inside
Sirjilla, two-storeyed andron
[Original: Andron mit doppelgeschossiger Vorhalle, von Konsolenkapitellen getragen, 6. Jh.]
Archaeological find in the Eastern Palace, ar-Raqqa
A staircase and an entrance leading to two halls within the Roman religious complex, Mnin
[ Description by author: Detail aus Bild 0397: Freitreppe zur großen Halle und Eingang der kleinen Halle. ]
Qasr (palace) Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, inner courtyard
Kharbaqa Dam: One of the dams that were built to limit seasonal flood waters in the Badia
[ Description by author: Steiler Blick nach oben aus dem Flussbett. ]
Part of the noria wheel
['Original: Hamâ (Epiphania),']
an-Nabi Huri (Cyrrhus), Roman bridge on the Afrin river
Khan Qurdbak, decoration details above a window in the iwan
A side from the ruins of Halabiyya
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, general view of the prayer hall
Afamiya, remains of the colonnaded street (Cardo Maximus)
Hammam Bahram Basha, plant motifs above the main entrance
Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, internal view of the portal
al-Lajat region, Basalt stone into agricultural area
the damage of the minaret and the west-south part of the mosque.
Khusrawiyya, northern arcade, 2018
The northern arcade is the only survived part of Khusrawiyya complex.
Suq Aslan Dada, general view after completion of the reconstruction, view towards south
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace
Raqqa VIII; Eastern West Palace, s.SW-Neg.89/638-643
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, courtyard - southern facade
Several peaks in the Costal mountains (Jibal as-Sahiliyya)
Bucket wheel (noria) and aqueduct in 1930
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
A general view of the remnants of the ancient city of Palmyra towards the south eastern palm groves
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, western entrance gate
Mosaic of the sea goddess "Thetys", Shahba Museum
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, detail of Corinthian capital
[Original:'Al-Madrasa al-Halâwiya, Halab / Aleppo. Das "Windstoß"-Kapitell der Säule rechts der Tür.'].
Al-Senaniya Street: General View
[Original:'Straße in Damaskus']. The Bavarian air force division 304b was based in Palestine from 25. October 1917 and was involved in the First World War until the division left the region, over Aleppo, in mid September 1918. During that period, over 3000 glas photographs, mostly aerial, have been made. Those early photographs were important for the archaeological research in the Middle East region.
Inscriptions on a volcanic stone in Jabal Says
Conservation of the Grape Room made in 1835, house Nizam, Damascus
Aghabani table cloth with gold and silver threads
Afamiya, Remains of the Great Colonnade
Busra, Hammam Manjak, niche in the hot section (juwwani)
View of the Khabur River with willow-trees in the 1960s
Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)
The relics of Symeon were located in the southern apse side room. This martyrion can be recognized from the outside by the third door in the south wall and by a tiny window next to the door through which the pilgrims could be supplied with holy oil. A direct door into the sanctuary suggests that the Symeon relic was also used during the service. The windows are bordered by a particularly elaborately designed cornice band. The façade also has oblique grooves and square depressions, probably from the base of a sloping roof and its purlins.
Sacrophagi decorated with sculptures of the dead
Qunaytra, A general view shows remnants of destroyed buildings
View of Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm) from the inside
The remains of the temple of 'Ayn Dara-1
Bab al-Maqam in Aleppo, general view
Sarcophagus with relief decoration
[Original: Palmyrenischer Sarkophag. Auf dem Deckel der gelagerte Grabherr in sassanidischer Tracht mit den Rangabzeichen eines einheimischen Karawanenchefs. Auf dem als Kline gestalteten Kasten in der Mitte der Grabinhaber beim Opfer mit den Rangabzeichen eines palmyrenischen Hohenpriesters und zugleich in der römischen Amtstracht eines togatus. Auf ihn schreiten zwei mal drei Gestalten zu, die Opfergaben bzw. Opfergerät bringen. 2. V. 3. Jh.]
Dada House, a view of courtyard seen from the Iwan
Hof vom Liwan aus gesehen
View from the highest part of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn towards the Valley of the Tombs
[ Description by author: Blick vom höchsten Teil der Burg genau nach Süden. Ganz links im "Fenster" das Hotel Cham Palace, rechts daneben der Turm des Maliku, der am weitesten rechts in dieser Reihe ist der des Jambliqu. ]
Picnic on the Euphrates bank, al-Furat al-Aʿla (the Upper Euphrates Valley)
Lintel of the main entrance of the Church, Ibn Wardan Palace
[Original: Kirche (Kuppelbasilika mit Emporen), Tympanon der südlichen Tür]
Bayt Dallal, a part of courtyard and iwan
Blick auf den Liwan u.d. Diwanchane
Remains of Qasr Says or the palace of al-Walid in Jabal Says
Hammam Bahram Basha, the entrance façade
Bimaristan Arghun, octagonal courtyard - fountain
At-Takiyya al-Ikhlasiyya (az-Zawiya ar-Rifaʿiyya), details of the hall facade situated on the eastern side of the courtyard
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The minaret of Great Mosque of ar-Raqqa/ar-Rafiqa, 8th/12th c.
Modern interpretations of the traditional craft of ‘Ajami (workshop of Aliya Alnuami)
Bimaristan an-Nuri, the courtyards western facade
Women wearing screen-printed headscarfs (Habari)
Excavation work at Tall Afis
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, general view from Saray
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace - vegetable stucco ornaments
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, courtyard and basin
Near Tall Tamir, In a tannur deepened in the ground the flat breads are baked
The Assyrian villages on the Khabur with their domed houses were built by the French Mandate Government for Christian refugees from Turkey and Iraq.
Barada River, near Victoria Bridge
shap_import_51655
Suq ad-Diraʿ, general view of the suq
Sahl Hawran (Hawran Plain), agricultral area
[Original: Südsyr. Ackerebene im Hauran mit Hermon]
A modern three storeys building in Raqqa
Ash-Shaykh mountain, distant view of 'Arna village
View of the stage and the scaenae frons, Theater of Palmyra
[ Description by author: und Cavea. Die Bühnenwand soll noch zwei weitere Etagen gehabt haben: wenn man in der Säulenstraße außen an ihr vorbeilief, muss man ziemlich "erschlagen" worden sein ....... Man beachte das Datum, für einen neueren Zustand vgl. Bild 0727 ! Blick nach ~ Nord-Nord-Ost. ]
Waterwheels of Kilaniyya
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
Bayt Ghazala, interior view - dome of the main hall (qaʿa)
Baalshamin Temple, view from east
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Northern Iwan
[G 88/ 24/ 293] =[ photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no,].
Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna
. [Original: Al-Mishrifa / Qatnâ']
Minaret of an-Nuri Mosque
1172 erging der Erlass zum Bau dieser Moschee.- Gesehen von ~ West-Nord-West. ['Original: Hamâ (Epiphania),']
View of a side of Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm)
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, mudbrick decoration
A herd of sheep in one of the streets in Raqqa
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Capital with plant motifs
Neg. Nr. 83/5-36A/37
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, the current prayer hall was part of ِAleppo's Byzantine cathedral
The damage of al-Hallawiyya prayer hall that contain an exedra of the Byzantine cathedral of St. Helena (5th CE.). During the war, the monument was damaged and plundered.
Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, view of the portico and the domes from outside
General view of Husn Sulayman
Busra, General view of Busra citadel
On the photo it was mentioned: date of creation between 1985-86
Village on western shore of Jabbul-Lake, dome houses with stone inlay on the top
Damascus Gate, City Wall of Palmyra
[ Description by author: Gesehen von ~ Südosten. ]
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, the trail around the two castles
Busra, Part of the citadel wall
Orchards in the city of Harim
Arches in a house, the Ghouta of Damascus
Shaykh Anas shrine - al-Tar mountain south-east of al-Mayadeen - the dome from the inside
Khan Qurdbak, iwan of the Mamluk palace
A herd of sheep is drinking from a pool of water in al-Hawl area near Iraqian border
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985
[1985/72/988] = [photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no.]
Afamiya, The Great colonnade (Cardo Maximus)
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At-Takiyya al-Mawlawiyya, minbar in the prayer hall (Samah Khana)
‘Ajami decoration in Bayt Nabulusi in Damascus
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Busra - Madrasat Abu al-Fidaʾ, inscription
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with southern Iwan
Salt production in extraction, possibly in as-Sabkha in the Euphrates Valley
[Original: Salzgewinnung im Euphrattal]
An inscription with an decorated frame on the wall of Masyaf Castle
Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, wooden cells inside the prayer hall's iwan
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - aerial photo of the West Palace
Habuba Kabira, water reservoir for field-irrigation, in the background motor pump of the well
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, prayer hall (qibliyya), window above the prayer niche
Bimaristan an-Nuri, small iwan
Khan Qurdbak, entrance - wooden door covered with iron
Khan Qurdbak, iwan, section east-west
Size of plan 70 x 50 . with ruler (no scale).
Busra, Hammam Manjak, waterpipes
Raqqa - the excavations of the site "East of Raqqa", the Eastern Complex
Tall al-Biʿa - Aerial photograph
Corinthian capital in the great mosque (al-Jamiʿ al-Kabir), Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman
Spolie am größeren Bau im Hof der Moschee. [Original: Ma'arat an-Nu'mân (Arra)']
Khan al-Hibal, the stairs leading to the upper floor
A group of columns, remains of the southern Roman baths in Busra
A view of part of the southern Roman baths in Bosra dating back to the 2nd century AD. A series of well-preserved columns topped with ionic capitals appear here. This type of capitals appeared in the Greco-Roman Period and is characterized by spiral motifs.
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, arcade along the prayer hall
Hama, general view of the Jisriyya (waterwheel)
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
General view of the city of Harim, Muhafazat Idlib
Maronite Cathedral, lower part of one of the cathedral towers
Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - The prayer hall
Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari- A photo taken from the minaret showing the courtyard and the prayer hall
Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, general view of the entrance
Muqarnas inside the Kahf Castle, ash-Shaykh Badr, Tartus Region
Dayr Zakka (monastery), floor mosaic in the sanctuary, 595 AD
Raq19920015.tif
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, the main entrance from the outside
A side of Ibn Maʿn Castle
Northern towers from inside the North Gate, Halabiyya-Zalabiyya
The citadel of Damascus during the restoration in 1985
Hypogeum of the Three Brothers from the inside - mural paintings
[ Description by author: Linke Wand, Rückwand und Decke der freskierten Halle. In der Lünette Achill auf Skyros, in der Decke die Entführung des Ganymed. ]
Khan Qurdbak, western portico
Yabrud: A stone facade of a historic building
Chinese cloud motifs on the top side of the panel, Aleppo Room wall frame, early 17th century
Near Habuba Kabira, a family trip by boat to their former village, that was flooded in 1973 by the Tabqa-Dam
Hammam ʿAbd al-Basit, view from al-Jisr al-Abyad square
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, marble prayer niche
The mihrab is another fine example of marble marquetry, with recessed panels bordered by a relief molding in the central half-cylinder, horizontal coursing in the niche head, and a well developed interlace occupying the spandrels. Columns, capitals, and bases are again contemporary. (Allen, Terry. "Madrasah al-Sultaniyah". In Ayyubid Architecture. Occidental, CA: Solipsist Press, 2003. http://www.sonic.net/~tallen/palmtree/ayyarch/ch8.htm#alep.msul)
A side of archaeological remains in Khirbat as-Sarayij
Detail of a decorated wooden panel of the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology
Jamiʿ al-Qayqan, Stone engraving - hieroglyphic pictorial writing
Qal‘at Shayzar ( Citadel), An Arabic inscription.
View the northeast corner of the Agora
[ Description by author: Blick von ~ Osten auf die Nordost-Ecke der Agora (Forum) und in den ihren Innenhof mit Resten von Säulen der Portikus. Links geht es zum Annex, zum hohen Portal rechts vgl. Bild 0705 ! ]
Jamiʿ as-Saffahiyya, exterior windows
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard and northern facade
A side of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn
An orchard in the Ghuta of Damascus
A mechanical loom in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Salkhad - The Ayyubid minaret
Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), western facade - tomb chamber
Al-Khabur region, a potter in the workshop, probably in al-Busayri
General view of as-Sabuniyya Mosque
[ Description by author: mit Minarett und Eingangs-"Iwân". Die Madrasa stammt aus dem Jahre 1458 (1464 ?). Gesehen (wohl) von ~ Osten. ]
Bayt Ajiqbash, view of the courtyard interior
A popular market in Raqqa
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior, dome and muqarnas squinches
‘ataba ceiling in the main courtyard, north wing of the Qasr al-‘Azm in Damascus, today known as the "Bride´s Room"
shap_import_97595
Habuba Kabira, how three cantilever domes are connected (two cantilever domes are posed on a relieving arch)
View of Eastern Palace, ar-Raqqa
Ghouta of Damascus, A grove of vegetables and fruit trees
Madrasat al-Firdaws, the marble prayer niche (mihrab) decorated with floral and geometric motifs
A sculpture of a woman, showing clothes and jewelry details
Jurn Kabir, a hedgehog child
In the Orontes valley below the village of Qalʿat al-Mudiq is situated a 16th c Khan, which has become a Museum
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, hall dome - squinch and muqarnas
Fountain in al-ʿAzm Palace
Jamiʿ al-Mihmandar, minaret
Al-Bara, oil mill, 5th-6th c.
The locally grown olives were pressed in oil mills. The well-preserved production site clearly shows the various work areas.
Bimaristan an-Nuri, water reservoir made of basalt
View on the Euphrates river from Dura Europos
[Original: Ruinen von Dura Europos]
An olive grove in the Ghouta of Damascus
A village with reed thatched roofed houses in al-Ghab Plain
[Original: Dorf mit z.T. traditionellen schilfgedeckten Häusern im Ghab-Gebiet]
A courtyard of a domed house in the village of Shaykh Hilal
One of the village houses used to welcome tourists. In the middle of the courtyard there is a water fountain, also built with mud. The two domes in the picture are coated with lime to beautify and protect them.
Temporary title for Image 120244
Cross vaults in the prayer room of an-Nuri Mosque
Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, 1754
The largest commercial building of Damascus with the distinctive change of basalt and limestone was built by the governor Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm.
Bimaristan Arghun, open dome above the octagonal courtyard
Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi, Decoration
Tartus, Qalʿat al-Marqab, Crusader castle, a courtyard in the castle.
The inner western facade of ad-Dumayr Temple
[ Description by author: Detail aus Bild 0390: der Durchgang und die beiden "Kammern". ]
General view of the Great Mosque of Hama
Note: these photos were taken between the year 1924 - 1939. The chosen date is to be average. (photographer unkown)
Bayt Junblat, courtyard and northern iwan
Habuba Kabira, upper part of a cantilever dome construction
Part of the remains of Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm)
Khusrawiyya, interiour view at sudda (tribune) in Friday Mosque in 2008
Tall Dahab, Woman carrying firewood
Khan al-Jumruk, exterior facade of the Khan's entrance
Drawing of Maria and Jesus on the decorated wooden panels of the Aleppo Room, Museum for Islamic Art, Berlin (1601-1603)
A general view of Zawiyat Saʿd ad-Din al-Jibawi showing the two domes of the building
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, dome of the prayer hall
Burj as-Saʿa, inscription
A fountain rich in geometric decorations in the northern arcade of the courtyard, Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace
Dayr Zakka (monastery), porch (narthex) of the church with mosaic floor, 6th C.
This mosaic dates back to 509 AD. [von 509 n.Chr.]. [Kalla (1999) 134]: [Gabor Kalla: Christentum am oberen Euphrat. Das byzantinische Kloster von Tall Bi'a. in: Antike Welt 30/2 (1999)].
Bayt Junblat, western facade of the women hall (Haramlik)
In the southern part of Tall Abyad, remains of the church made of mud bricks
The Throne Hall in Damascus Citadel
This photo shows Roman columns that support a central dome.
Remains of Zengid bridge in ʿAyn Diwar
At-Takiyya al-Ikhlasiyya (az-Zawiya ar-Rifaʿiyya), general view of the facade and the entrance
General view of Bel Temple among the palm trees
[ Description by author: Morgendlicher Fernblick aus einem der beiden Hotels, also von ~ Nordosten.. ['Hotel Villa Palmyra (Heliopolis ?)'] ]
Salkhad - The Ayyubid minaret
The western vaulted arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-Umawi (Umayyad Mosque)
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, small iwan - detail view of archway
Al-Bab, The minaret of al-Jamiʿ al-Kabir (the Great Mosque)
Lower village of Afamiya with the museum in an Ottoman khan and village houses
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Pottery from ar-Raqqa; National Museum Damascus
View inside the courtyard of Manjak Mosque
An artificial canal, al-Furat al-Aʿla (the Upper Euphrates Valley)
Khan Qurtbak, southern part of Khan - the inner courtyard and the iwan of the Mamluk palace
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985
[1985/72/983] = [photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no.]
General view of Damascus citadel from northwest
The two rectangular towers that protected the citadel from the west appear clearly in the picture. Hidden behind the bushes, is the statue of Salah al-Din riding his horse.
A photo of a residential quarter in the city of Tartus
View of several buildings inside al-Marqab castle
Islamic coloured shard, ar-Raqqa museum
Fortification of Halabiyya
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, interior view of the hall dome
A general view of az-Zabadani city, which lies on the foothills of the the Anti-Lebanon Mountains
View to the excavation in Tall Shaykh Hamad in 1984
[Original:'TALL SAIH HAMAD']
Soap of Aleppo: fresh soap to dry
Interior view from the soap production: a stack of freshly produced soap, arranged with columns in between. So they will stay for several months to dry.
Citadel of Aleppo, Temple of the Storm God Hadad - Detail on platform wall
[Original: Grabung Kohlmeyer]
Church of the monk Buhayra, the oldest church in Busra
{Original: Katdraʾiyyat}
(Dome) Qubbat as-Sayyar on Qasyun mountain
Photos of Qubbat as-Sayyar ['Saiyer'], No. 96[B]
Busra Citadel - Stone decorations at the entrance
Jurn Kabir, a rural house, where each room has its own door opening on the courtyard
The house is consisting of a living room (left door) and a family room (right door), where all assets are stored.
Bab Antakiya, main gate
General view of Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Imam Ismaʿil
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, west facade - entrance and Qastal
Other names are Mosque of Shields or Mosque of Bab-Antakya,
A photo of stairway with arches, Busra Citadel
HQ-k.K7 Aside from the Citadel, stairwell
The gate of south-western side, Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya)
Gate of south-western side [Original: "Salihiyyah, Tor der Südwestseite"]
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, one of the church apses
Yabrud: residential houses with central hall floor plans
Street view with central hall house. This building along the street shows a local variation (of the Qalamun Mountains) of the house form known from Lebanon since the middle of the 19th century: shaded entrance hall with an entrance arcade of three arches on round columns on the ground floor, above it on the upper floor the repetition as open seating area with balcony in front. A symmetrical stone façade made of cleanly carved limestone and slender arched windows. These houses were probably built in the first quarter of the twentieth century.
A capital decorated with wavy acanthus leaves, Monastery of Saint Simeon Stylites
[Original: k.K6/=HQ k.K25]
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, modern and re-used portal (spolia)
Busra - Jamiʿ (mosque) Fatima - exterior view of the minaret
Part of the city wall of ar-Raqqa after the restoration
Tall Dahab, Central hall house , sleeping platform in the foreground
Habuba Kabira, building a cantilever dome house - in the foreground clay bricks, which are to be used soon
Installation of dyed warp threads for weaving in the textile factory of the Mezannar family in Damascus
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, main entrance
A manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al-Bab
Photographs of a manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al Bab as part of the "Aleppo Stadtarchivprojekt" of GIZ (German Corporation for International Cooperation) in 2008
Habuba Kabira, construction of the base of a mud brick house
Columns with Corinthian capitals, remnants of the Jupiter Temple
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, entrance of the prayer hall
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Glass pig from ar-Raqqa; National Museum Damascus; Mus.Nr.16024; R.45
Hammam Yalbugha an-Nasiri, general view from the Citadel
Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari, arcade
Hammam an-Nahhasin, the cold section (barrani)
The platforms of the external section (barrani) are divided by wooden barriers with geometric forms, and the walls are also covered with wooden panels. Due to the continuous use of this bathroom, the platforms are upholstered for the convenience of visitors.
Cathedral of Busra from the inside
[Original: HQ-k.9 Interior view, Arch]
View of al-Mudiq castle overlooking the plain of al-Ghab
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, northern facade - marble plaque dated 1315 AH and sealed by the Sultan Abd al-Hamid Khan (Tughra)
View of the remains of the Nabu Temple showing the podium
[ Description by author: Sein Podium mit dem Aufgang, gesehen von ~ Südosten. Im Hintergrund die Burg des Fakhru d-Dîn al-Ma'ni, links davon der Oberteil des Tetrapylon. In der Mitte hinter dem Tempel die Säulen der Diokletians-Thermen. ]
A coffee house and waiting service taxi in the center of the small frontier town
Bludan hillside houses with galleries on the foot of Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Aleppo Great Mosque, courtyard general view towards north west
View of courtyard (Sahn) showing its two-coloured pavements and the two ablution fountains with cupolas, the octogonal is Hamdanid, and the famous minaret in the north western corner, before its destruction in 2013!
Umayyad Mosque, the facade of the prayer hall is covered with golden and colored mosaic
Originally, the entire courtyard façade was covered with mosaics. They show fantastic landscapes, which are interpreted as a representation of paradise.
Raqqa, enclosure wall and arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)
Hammam Bahram Basha, the main northern facade
Al-Madrasa al-ʿUmariyya al-Kubra - southern arcade
The sanctuary (cella) of Bel Temple
[Original: Baal-Heiligtum, Cella, ca. 17 - 32 n.Chr.]
Bayt Wakil, reception hall - western wing
Motifs in Hatayi style, Aleppo Room wall frame, early 17th century
Takiyyat ash-Shaykh Abu Bakr, north facade - arcade and courtyard
Khan al-Wazir, interior facade of the khan's entrance
Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna
. [Original: Al-Mishrifa / Qatnâ']
Main entrance of Qasr al-Hayr ash-Sharqi
A Kurdish woman with a prayer rug made of wool with embroidery
Afamiya, columns of colonnaded axis (Cardo Maximus)
[Original. "Säulenstraße, 1,8 km lang und 37,5 m breit, nördlicher Abschnitt (glatte Säulenschäfte mit korinthischen Kapitellen) nach 115 n.Chr."]
Citadel of Aleppo, entrance of the Palace of al-Malik al-ʿAziz Muhammad
Dancing on a terrace in the St. Thekla Monastery on the Holy Cross Day in Maʿlula
Habuba Kabira, construction of a dome house (foreground: room, that will have a flat roof)
Excavation works, Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya)
Side of the Excavation
Sancturies graved into the rocks, Roman period, Mnin
[ Description by author: Blick auf die Anlage von (wohl) ~ Südwesten. Ganz rechts das Tor, links daneben die große Halle mit monumentaler Freitreppe zu einer Plattform davor. Links hinter ihrer Balustrade die kleine Halle mit reich dekoriertem Eingang: danach (vgl. Bild 0401 !) wird die Anlage ins 3. Jh. n. Chr. datiert. Irgendwie macht das Ganze einen "nabatäischen" Eindruck, der durch weitere Details auf den folgenden Bildern (insbesondere Bild 0401) verstärkt wird. ]
Bayt Junblat, southern iwan, section east-west
Seize of plan 80 x 38, with ruler (no scale).
Raqqa, Qasr (Palace) al-Banat
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace - painted glass
Westpalace; Find Nr.14747, painted glass
General view of Hiraqla victory monument, near Raqqa
A view in the Limestone Massif, near al-Bara
Natural landscape of the Tigris valley
View from east to the west-north
Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, niche (mihrab) in the prayer hall
The cold (barrani) section of as-Salamiyya historical bath
In this cold section, called the barrani”, the picture shows three iwans with vaulted ceilings, enclosing a small courtyard of which in the middle is a water fountain. The appearing iwans contain small niches and seating platforms (sing. mastaba) that also feature many niches at the bottom.
South wall of the central shrine (cella), Temple of Bel
[ Description by author: Gesehen von Süden. Zu sehen die Schmalseite der Cella, dekoriert mit zwei Halbsäulen mit jonischen Kapitellen (vgl. Bild 0615 !) und gerahmt von Pilastern mit Kapitellen (vgl. Bild 0616 !) zwischen der West-Peristase mit dem Monumental-Tor und den Säulen der Ost-Peristase. ]
Roman sarcophagus with decorations, Qanawat
Bayt Wakil, iwan
Roman sarcophagus with decorations, Qanawat
[Original: Rechteckige Grabkammer hinter der östlichen Exedra der Basilika: christlicher Sarkophag]
Bayt Ghazala, eastern facade - red hall (qaʿa)
Qalʿat al-Marqab, Decoration on the entrance arch
Suq Aslan Dada, rebuilding of northern entrance, view towards south
Part of Damascus city wall topped by a house balcony
[ Description by author: aus ayyubidischer Zeit mit neuerer Überbauung. Im Hintergrund das Minarett des Bâb Sharqi. ]
Excavation in the citadel of Damascus
The Euphrates River near Tall Sabi Abyad
General view of the Mediterranean coast near Baniyas
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, modern and re-used portal (spolia)
Raqqa - Qasr al-Banat, inner courtyard
View of a group of monumental buildings in Palmyra, Theater, Agora
[ Description by author: Hinten Mitte das Theater und die Rundstraße um die Cavea. Davor links die Agora mit ganz links dem Bankettsaal. Rechts der Agora der Annex. Blick nach ~ Nordosten. ]
Busra, Roman Theater surrounded by the Islamic Citadel
A door of room beside the Iwan of Quwatli House
Liwan. Seitentür
Ghouta of Damascus, collecting of hemp in 1970s
Khusrawiyya, Friday Mosque, view of an window with ablaq and ceramic tiles
Maʿlula, St.Tekla Convent during the Holy Cross feast on september 14th
The northern-eastern tower of Damascus Citadel
One of the most beautiful towers of Damascus Citadel with its carefully carved stone rows. This upper part of the tower contains a machicolation, and the tower ends with parapets interspersed with arrow slits.
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, prayer hall
Engraving of Aglibol (god of the moon), Temple of Bel
[ Description by author: Detail aus Bild 0637: Aglibol an seinem Altar, hinter ihm ein Adler mit einem Palmzweig. ]
Bayt Dallal, decorated stone at the iwan stair
[Original: Steingitter d. Kellerfensters v.d. Liwan]
Eastern side of Damascus Gate, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)
~ Ostseite, äußerer Abschnitt, gesehen von der Westseite nach ~ Süden. [Original:Tall Mardîkh (Ebla)']
Preparation of the design of a felt carpet
Photographs of a manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al Bab as part of the "Aleppo Stadtarchivprojekt" of GIZ (German Corporation for International Cooperation) in 2008
Hinterland of Yabrud in the early sixties: Ploughing with wooden plough, pulled by two horses
The gate of the citadel seen from the east in the evening light
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, Church of Saint Simeon Stylites
General view of the town of Maʿlula
[ Description by author: Gesehen vom linken Berg - GPS-Tag approximativ - nach ~ Nordosten auf den Ortskern. Unten links die Masjid Ma'lûlâ, oben links das Kloster Mâr Takla und links davon der Eingang zum Fajj Mâr Takla. Hinter dem Ganzen der "rechte" Berg und das Plateau. ]
Citadel of Aleppo, a view from the main entrance showing the Gate Tower
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat
[original: Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat']. [83/156/1772] =[ photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no,]. on the back of the photos: [1983/156]
Jabal ʿAruda, a view towards the Euphrates
Jabla, Mosque of Sultan Ibrahim, The courtyard with vaulted arcades
Mosaic in the mausoleum of az-Zahir Baybars
[Original: Zahiriya, Mausoleum des az-Zahir Baibars, 1277, Glasmosaiken]
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Relief decorated Frieze; National Museum Damascus from ar-Raqqa
Spools in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Tomb tower of Elahbel in the Valley of the Tombs
[Original: Grabturm in Palmyra]
Part of the Mihrab decorations, Umayyad Mosque
[ Description by author: Mihrâb: "Borte" über dem unteren Teil der Nische. ]
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, muqarnas squinches of the iwan dome
Decorated door lintel, Valley of the Tombs
[ Description by author: Der Türsturz der Anlage.- Die Farbe ganz rechts ist nachträglich eingesetzt: diese rechte Seite war grellweiß überstrahlt ! ]
Jamiʿ al-Qayqan, stone engraving - hieroglyphic pictorial writing
[Original: Moschee um Bab Antakiya}, on the photo was mentioned: creation date between 1985-86]
Ghuta of Damascus, artificial irrigation canal system
Palmyra, Valley of the tombs
Raqqa, The decorated outer facade of Baghdad Gate
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, decoration details in the double arcade
Bridge over the Euphrates, ar-Raqqa
[Original: Euphratbrücke]
Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi, Part of the western enclosure
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, clay decorations
Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, northern facade (library)
Khan as-Sabun, window and decoration above the entrance
A staircase was leading up to upper floor at Royal Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)
shap_import_48446
A Kurdish woman spinning with a suspended spindle. She is wearing a traditional overgarment
Columns with Corinthian capitals- The Great Colonnade at Afamiya
Raqqa, Aerial photo of Hiraqla vicotry monument
Making falafel sandwiches
Bouquet of flowers and fruits in bowls on the wooden panels of Bayt ad-Dahhan (Funduq Qasr al-Mansuriyya), 18th century
Aerial photo of the Jabal Haramun (Mont Hermon)
Great Mosque, people in the courtyard
Village of ʿAyn al-Khadra, in the living room of the central hall house of a Kurdish family
Khan al-Hibal, general plan
Preparation of the design of a felt carpet in Al-Bab
Photographs of a manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al Bab as part of the "Aleppo Stadtarchivprojekt" of GIZ (German Corporation for International Cooperation) in 2008
Daily life scene in the city of Raqqa
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, siteplan of the building parts (English)
The waqf (endowment) complex of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha has suffered serious damage in several areas. This includes the khan on the north side and the eastern and western qaysariyya. Without removing the rubble, no final statement can be made about the extent of damage. Most likely, there was a total loss in the areas affected by the April 2015 tunnel bomb explosion. The western portion of the waqf complex, including its front facade, is still standing but is noticeably damaged. Two of the most important buildings of the waqf complex of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha survived: the mosque and the coffeehouse at the south. The uniquely decorated facade of the hall of the coffeehouse, as well as its first row of vaults, were destroyed. The core of the hall was only partially damaged, while the section of the central dome with its high lantern was, for the most part, destroyed.
A side of Kharbaqa Dam, spring
Raqqa, al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq, Remains of the southern arcade from the inside
Hadrian’s Arch, 3rd century AD, view from south at the entrance to colonnaded street
The handles of the main door of al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior
The hall has a rectangular ground plan. Based on a square middle room, it is divided by 12 pillars, all spanned by pointed arches, into 20 compartments of two different forms: two narrow oblong ones each on three sides of the central area (see picture 5) and two smaller square ones each in the adjacent corner areas. The central area is covered by a high dome. Supported by four massive pillars, it rests on muqarnas pendentives – triangular-shaped with tiered rows of geometric cells –, and is topped by a round lantern with small columns plus pointed cupola. The other parts are covered with elongated, flattened vaults and small domes according the respective compartment form.
Busra, Hammam Manjak, iwan in the cold section (barrani)
Roman tower tomb in Sarrin
Not exactly locatable tower tomb, which is dated 74 AD by its inscriptions. To note the high set canulated half columns [Original: 'SIRRIN, Grabturm (74 n. Ch.)']
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Pottery vessel from ar-Raqqa; National Museum Damascus; Mus.Nr.16067; R.6
An irrigation canal on the edge of an orchard in the Ghouta of Damascus
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace - finds
Raqqa VIII; Eastern West Palace, SW-Neg.89/923-924
Izraʿ - Kanisat (church) Mar Jirjis - section of the facade and the dome
Raqqa, hypothetic reconstruction of the prayer hall of Grand Abbasid Mosque (al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq)
Isometric view drawing. Scale ruler
Citadel of Aleppo, plant ornament
Small river in Baniyas
View of western facade of the Cathedral, today Tartus Museum
[Original: Kathedrale Nôtre-Dame, 1123 beg., von Saladin 1188 weitgehend zerstört, Ende 12. Jahrhundert Neubau, Westfassade]
Izraʿ, al-Jamiʿ (Mosque) al-ʿUmari - the prayer niche
The upper part of the entrance, as-Sinaniyya Mosque
[ Description by author: Oberer Teil mit Stalaktiten-Halb"kuppel" und Bilder-Kacheln. ]
Courtyard of family wing (so called haramlik or jummwani) in Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace
View of the dam of the Assad reservoir of the Euphrates with its park
View over the roof of the south-western Madrasat Ismaʿil Basha al-ʿAzm to the Umayyad Mosque with its high transept of the prayer hall with a central dome and its three minarets
Burj as-Saʿa, the entrance
Habuba Kabira, the new dome house has received its first plaster layer
Bayt Ghazala, the iwan
Piece in the courtyard, terrace of the northern riwaq.
General view of ancient house and grave building, al-Bara
Coffehouse Aslan Dada (vanished)
Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction
The tower tombs, Valley of the Tombs
[ Description by author: Der hohe hinten ist der des Maliku (vgl. Bild 0820, der ganz rechts der des Jambliqu (vgl. Bild 0823 - 0830 !). Gesehen von ~ Nordwesten. ]
Museum of Palmyra / Tadmur, Stone-relief with figural decoration
Bayt Junblat, courtyard and northern iwan
General view from the north, Temple of Bel
[ Description by author: Morgendlicher Fernblick auf die ~ Nordseite. Woher ? Nach der Google-Karte erscheint das Tetrapylon-Hotel als Standort am wahrscheinlichsten: das kenne ich aber von meinen Aufenthalten nicht. In der selben Gegend befinden sich aber das Tower Hotel und auch das Middle East Hotel: in beiden war ich. Vielleicht wurde auch eines der beiden umbenannt ? ['[Tetrapylon Hotel],'] ]
A concrete irrigation canal in the Ghouta of Damascus
As cement became as an easy-to-use building material, farmers began building irrigation channels using that material. The concrete canal in the picture seems to be missing the aesthetic element, unlike the old canals that were corresponding to the surrounding environment.
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, the baptistery
[Original: Baptisterium mit oktogonalem Zentralraum]
A favissa or ritual pits east of Ishtar temple, Tall Mardikh (Ebla)
shap_import_48474
General view to the lower parts of Jabal Haramun (Mount Hermon)
Jamiʿ Sharaf, Mamluk rank
Bimaristan Arghun, view of side portico of main courtyard
Takiyyat ash-Shaykh Abu Bakr, the iwan facade and the courtyard
Bimaristan Arghun, southern courtyard - view of open dome
shap_import_60897
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, muqarnas squinches of the iwan dome
1 pound, 27 mm, 1968 – restrike 1971
Part of a decorated wooden door with ‘Ajami decoration from the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology
Frame of the large wall cupboard door (samandāra) of the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum of Ethnology, with a flat, white-ground strip for fixing the hinge
Church of the Armenians in ar-Raqqa
Hiraqla victory monument
Hiraqla (near ar-Raqqa), (MM: DAI 93/158)
Hammam Bahram Basha, dome of the cold section (barrani)
The towers of the outer wall of Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi
[Original: 1. Anlage]
A boy is presenting a woven Kilim tapestry made by his mother
An aerial view of Ibn Maʿn's castle located on one of the highest mountains of Palmyra
Side of the Ruins, Sirjilla
Interior view of Basilika A, ar-Rusafa
[Original: 1945 Geschenk Prof. Friedrich Sarre]
Khan Qurdbak, eastern portico
In the living compartment of the tent, which is embroidered in patchwork technique (the same tent is on photo #2850 and #2853.)
Bayt Wakil, fountain of the reception hall
Busra - Birkat (pool) al-Hajj
An abandoned building in Circassian district, Raqqa
[Original: Tscherkessenviertel]
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, the ruin of the twin crusader castle
View on the Euphrates river from Dura Europos
Blick von der Zitadelle Euphrat-aufwärts nach ~ Nordwesten.
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard - northern facade
![The South-western part of Bayt al-Husainin with the minrat of its mosque. [Original photo name: as-i-محمع قصر الحسيني 3_SYRHER]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2Fshap_import_75456-1024x768.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
The South-western part of Bayt al-Husainin with the minrat of its mosque. [Original photo name: as-i-محمع قصر الحسيني 3_SYRHER]
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, apse of east basilica
East side of the old suqs.
Exterior view from the south of the North Gate in ar-Rusafa.
A view of the Orontes river near Darkush
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, eastern facade - window within a rectangular niche decorated with muqarnas
Decorated wooden door of the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology
Rural life in Qalamun mountains (Antilibanon): peasants returning home from grape harvest
Dome houses in a village in Aleppo countryside
Bayt Junblat, courtyard and southern iwan (the great iwan)
A part of architectural remains in Tall Mardikh (Ebla)
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Bayt Ghazala, ʿajami panels decorating the southern wing ceiling in the main hall (qaʿa)
An olive grove in the Ghouta of Damascus
Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - The minaret seen from the street
![[Institut Français du Proche Orient]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2Fshap_import_74685-1024x699.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
[Institut Français du Proche Orient]
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, prayer hall - interior view of the dome
Citadel of Aleppo, Entrance Gateway
Palmyra, scenery in the valley of the tombs, showing a group of tower tombs
A group of camels near as-Sabʿa Biyar, Syrian Desert
Fresco above the apse of the church, Monastery of Mar Musa al-Habashi
[ Description by author: Triumphbogen über der Apsis, linker Teil und Mitte (Fortsetzung s. Bild 0488 !). Phase III. ]
Manufacturing of spools in the textile factory of the Mezannar family in Damascus
Maqam Ughulbak, general view from the outside
al-Bara, Dayr (monastery) Subat, 6th c.- General view
Al-Khusrawiyya, ground floor plan of 1998
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Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - the prayer hall
Camel and its guide on sacrophagus
[ Description by author: Kamel und sein Führer. Die Darstellung befindet sich vermutlich unter einer Kline.- Ob dieses Bild ebenfalls zum Sarkophag Bild 0873 - 0877 gehört, kann ich nicht mehr sagen. ['26/03/2002 (?)'] ]
Jamiʿ Sharaf, inscription above ad-Darih
View into an arcade with ablaq masonry, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm
Al-Madrasa al-ʿUmariyya al-Kubra - southern arcade
Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - the main entrance from the outside
Aleppo, Khan as-Sabun, view at eastern arcade in the first floor
Chest of drawers in traditional inlay technique with mother of pearl in an old house in Maʿlula
Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi, The western enclosure, view from inside
Palmyra, a photo of some tower tombs
A side of the walls of Qalʿat Salah ad-Din
Monastery of St. Simeon Stylites, late 5th-early 6th c., Exterior of sanctuary of east basilica (apse from exterior)
[Original: Apsiden der Ostbasilika von außen]
An alley in Halbun town
Jabal al-ʿArab, natural landscape of volcanic mountain
Great Mosque, Minaret
The minaret of the Great Mosque was commissioned by the judge (qadi) of Aleppo during the rule of the Seljuk dynasty in Syria. The beginning of its construction is indicated in the inscription at the base and the completion date is found at the top: 483 and 489 AH / 1090 and 1096 AD. It existed until 2013. The minaret is a square shape, its shaft is approximately 45 m high and made of limestone. On its upper edge, there is a cornice formed by two rows of flat arched niches lavishly adorned by floral elements. This is topped by an open wooden gallery for the muezzin (prayer caller) and a short tower with cupola. Between the base and the top, the minaret is divided into four zones of varying height. Those are, except for the second one, decorated with blind arches formed by profiled mouldings each running uninterruptedly around the minaret’s shaft. Each zone is separated by friezes with calligraphic, artistically written, Arabic inscriptions. These exquisitely carved inscriptions are written in floriated Kufi – a script style distinguished by bold letters adorned with floral motifs – and in Naskhi script. At the base of the minaret is the signature of the architect Hasan ibn Mufrih al-Sarmani written inside a cartouche. The inscription from the minaret’s base shows that the local Aleppine judge and the Seljuk governor shared power in the city, as their names are mentioned together: “The mosques of God are only to be maintained by those who believe in God and the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakat [(alm-tax); Quran 9:18]. It was started to be built by the High Judge Ibn al-Khashshab Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Khashshab, may God have mercy on him. In the days of al-Amin al-ʿAjal al-Muzaffar Qasim al-Dawla wa-Nasir al-Mila Abi Saʿid Aqsunqur Bak, the slave of the Commander of the Faithful, may God enhance his supporters”. The upper inscriptions indicate the names of the then ruling Seljuk sultans Malikshah I and Tutush, and of Barakat ibn Faris, commander of the urban militia.
Burj as-Saʿa, General view
Remains of Afamiya Theater
Khan al-Jumruk, general view
Great Mosque, prayer hall, minbar and mihrab
The unique wooden minbar, or pulpit, belongs to the Mamluk era as indicated by the inscribed name of the Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad, son of Qalawun (d. 741 AH / 1341 AD). The carpenter’s name is Muhammad ibn ʿAli al-Mawsili.
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - a stone base (spolia) which is the cathedral baptismal font
Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, wooden cells inside the prayer hall's iwan
At-Takiyya al-Mawlawiyya, sabil (fountain)
Part of the walls, Qalʿat Harim
General view of the Valley of the Tombs
Terrace with portico in the upper floor, Qasr al-ʿAzm
Great Mosque of Aleppo, courtyard, horizontal sundial
Minaret of the Great Mosque of Hama
Suq ad-Diraʿ, a general view of the destruction of the suq to the west
Part of colored and golden mosaic on the courtyard facade, Umayyad Mosque
[ Description by author: Von Norden: Mosaiken am großen Bogen, linker Teil. ]
The courtyard of the Madrasa as-Sulaymaniyya
Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, vaulted arcade
General view of the Great Colonnade (Shariʿ al-Aʿmida)
[ Description by author: 3. Abschnitt. Ganz links das Tempelgrab, ganz rechts der Tetrapylon und dahinter der Monumentalbogen. Unterhalb des Tempelgrabes ein Stück der Stadtmauer. Gesehen nach ~ Südosten. ]
al-Bara, Pyramidal roofed tomb known locally as As-Sawma‘a,
Busra - al-Jami‘ (mosque) al-ʿUmari from the south
Conservation of the Grape Room made in 1835, house Nizam, Damascus
Busra - Jamiʿ (mosque) Fatima - the upper part of the minaret
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, courtyard and eastern riwaq (portico)
Historical photograph with a view from Courtyard/ Sahn towards southeast, showing some rubble from collapsed parts of prayer hall [Original: Dscham'a el Utrusch]
In the light of the missing central dome of Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm
A shop in Suq al-Buzuriyya, Old City of Damascus
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard, windows of the northern facade
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, wooden prayer niche in the iwan
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, general view of the western facade and the entrance
Al-Khusrawiyya, Friday Mosque, entrance portal
Close-up of the niche of the entrance portal with its Muqarnas decoration and a panel with its founding inscription. This element is lost today (destroyed since 2015)!
Bimaristan Arghun, view of the main courtyard and the portico
General view of Shumaymis Castle
Teleausschnitt aus Bild 1038, gesehen entweder von dem dortigen Standort oder von dem hier angezeigten aus ~ Südosten. . [Original: Qal'at ash-Shamîmîs']
Painting of a calligraphy work of a contemporary ‘Ajami decoration
Mohammad Haj Qab in the age of 17 working with the craft of ‘Ajami
50 piastres (silver), 24 mm, 1947
Khan al-Jumruk, drawing of the interior facade of the Khan's entrance
Bimaristan Arghun, inscription
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, Column capitel with plant motifs
A woman in a rural area with traditional clothes
A side of Krak des Chevaliers
[Original: Große Orientreise Nr.63 mit Rotel-Tours: Amman-Bagdad-Uruk-Babylon-Arbil-Mosul-Hatra-Samara-Mari-Dura Europos-Aleppo-Dayr Saman-Ugarit-Palmyra-Jarash]
Bab Qinnasrin (city gate), general view from the outside
Khan Qurdbak, southern portico - Mamluk rank
Capital, Umayyad Mosque
[Original: Omayyaden-Moschee (705 - 725), Aktanthuskapitell]
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Capital; National Museum Damascus; Mus.Nr.1866 from ar-Raqqa
Modern interpretations of the traditional craft of ‘Ajami (workshop of Aliya Alnuami)
Khan al-Wazir, interior facade of the khan's entrance
The Bavarian air force division 304b was based in Palestine from 25. October 1917 and was involved in the First World War until the division left the region, over Aleppo, in mid September 1918. During that period, over 3000 glas photographs, mostly aerial, have been made. Those early photographs were important for the archaeological research in the Middle East region.
Barada River in a state of drought, near Victoria Bridge
Qal‘at Shayzar (citadel), Archery road.
Remains of ar-Raqqa Wall built of mud brick
Natural diversity in the Jabal Haramun (Mount Hermon)
Raqqa, Grand Abbasid Mosque - Plan
Wakil house, dome of the reception hall from the inside
The room drew light through a series of windows surrounding the dome's neck, as well as from the colored openings in the dome, which are shaped like circles and stars.
Jamiʿ as-Saffahiyya, minaret and entrance
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Monastry St. Sergius on the edge of the mountain plain overlooking Maʿlula
Main entrance of the church, Ibn Wardan Palace
[Original: Kirche (Kuppelbasilika mit Emporen), Tür der Südseite]
Stonework in the Citadel of Damascus
Bayt Wakil, dome of the reception hall from the inside
Jamiʿ Sharaf, the old mihrab
Khan as-Sabun, inner northern facade after widening the street
Exterior view of ʿArbin watermill in Rif Dimashq
Izraʿ, al-Jamiʿ (Mosque) al-ʿUmari - the courtyard
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, facade of the east section of the great hall
Mushabbak, Byzantine basilica, view from south
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, minaret
Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, ablutions fountain
Al-Khubra lake in Jabal Says
Grazing sheep on the Euphrates
at-Takiyya ar-Rifaʿiyya (az-Zawiyaal-Ikhlasiyya ), inscription above the main entrance
Inscription_Separaiting Sheet. 82/II
General view of Abu al-Fidaʾ Mosque on the Orontes river
Jami' al-Haiyaya, [Original: 'Jâmi' al-Haiya']. Gesehen von Südosten über den 'Âsi. Unter der rechten, kleineren Kuppel ist der Politiker, Historiker und Geograph Abû l-Fidâ' begraben. ['Original: Hamâ (Epiphania),']
A view of Arwad citadel
Nahiyat Tall Tamir, The flattened dome roofs have just received new plastering.
The Assyrian villages on the Khabur with their domed houses were built by the French Mandate Government for Christian refugees from Turkey and Iraq.
Afamiya, View to the north- the Great Colonnade (Cardo Maximus)
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Mausoleum az-Zahir Baybars, mosaics covering the southern wall
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, wooden prayer niche in the iwan
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Busra - Hammam Manjak - Restoration works
River section of Barada
Courtyard with fountain, Qasr As‘ad Basha al-'Azm
1929?
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, prayer niche (mihrab) in the prayer hall
Jurn Kabir, the fertile plain of the Euphrates with floodplain forest in the background before the flooding of the Tishrin Dam
Busra, view of the Westgate of the Decumanus Maximus
Bâb al-Kandîl (Laternentor), Hauptstraße, von Süden aus der Straße zum Theater. Man erkennt gut die Sockel der ehemaligen Südfassade.
Tower north of Bab Antakiya, a side of the defensive tower after the removal of infringements
Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), western facade - tomb chamber
Reverse side of the ceiling of Bayt Ḫazīna-Kātibī / Niẓām with ‘Ajami decoration
View from above on the construction of the šīša-ceiling
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, muqarnas squinches of the iwan dome
Punch cards for jacquard looms with woven sample for silk fabric in the Mezannar textile factory in Damascus
Mari (Tall Hariri), a side of the architectural remains
[Original: Große Orientreise Nr.63 mit Rotel-Tours: Amman-Bagdad-Uruk-Babylon-Arbil-Mosul-Hatra-Samara-Mari-Dura Europos-Aleppo-Dayr Saman-Ugarit-Palmyra-Jarash]
Examples of embroidery stitches
Drawings by Estibaliz Sienra Iracheta to illustrate processes of traditional textile manufacturing
Interior view of the monastery, northwest of Palmyra, Jazil
[ Description by author: Bestimmung / Zwecke dieses Raumes ??? Vgl. Bild 0903 ! ]
The general structure of the example dome house in Taanayel (Libanon) before the end of the construction process
The mud bricks composing the walls and the two domes of the house, which are still under construction, are shown. We also see the stone foundations below, and the flat stone blocks integrated in the mud bricks in the domes, that serve for plastering work.
General view of Masyaf Castle
View towards Qalʿat al-Qadmus (al-Qadmus Citadel)
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, eastern facade - window within a rectangular niche decorated with muqarnas
[Original:'Jâmi' at-Tawâshi, Halab / Aleppo. Erbaut 1348. Hier ein Fenster - wie es scheint, auf Straßenniveau. Vgl. Bild 1285, 1286 ! - Zum GPS-Tag: allgemein auf das Gebäude gesetzt, da ich nicht angeben kann, auf welcher Seite der Standort war.'].
Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard and iwan
Jamiʿ al-Khayr, main entrance details from the inside
Citadel of Aleppo, exterior view of the domes of the Hammam
Al-Farnathiyya mausoleum, the dome from the inside
at destrict Damaskus-as-Salihiyya, Ceiling of dome
Computer modeling of the Mount Hermon
[Original: Hermon Computeraufn.]
As-Sabuniyya Mosque, the main facade with muqarnas and rich decorations
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle, cave
The minaret of the Mosque of Shaykh ʿAqil al-ʿUmari al-Manbiji
Exterior view of Seljuk watermill ''Bab as-Salam watermill'', Damascus
At-Takiyya al-Ikhlasiyya (az-Zawiya ar-Rifaʿiyya), entrance of the prayer hall
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Burj as-Saʿa, mechanical clock
Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction
Bayt Ghazala, view of the bathhouse
Shops for buying traditional utensils in Raqqa
Entrance of Hammam ʿAbd al-Basit
The entrance, leading to the external section (barrani), is one of the most beautiful entrances of Islamic baths. It was built according to the Ablaq masonry system, with stone rows alternating between white, gray and blue colors. This entrance is a retreat in the façade, topped by an ornate arch from the outside. The lower part of the dome of the barrani section is composed of many windows. This building is vanished nowdays!
Qanawat -Roman nympheum
Aleppo: Khan al-Wazir, 17th C., interior facade
Aliya Alnuami
Palm groves
Madrasat al-Firdaws, courtyard, iwan and western arcade
Roman grave behind the monastery of Notre Dame de Saydnaya
[ Description by author: aus byzantinischer Zeit im Felssockel der Klosteranlage. Die Figuren erinnern an die der sog. "Hochzeit von Kana" in Qânâ / Libanon. ]
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, prayer hall's entrance - muqarnas details
[Original:'Jâmi' al-'Âdiliya,Halab / Aleppo. "Muqarnas" über dem Eingang. Vgl. Bild 1221.'] !
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, northern entrance
Preparation of the design of a felt carpet
Photographs of a manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al Bab as part of the "Aleppo Stadtarchivprojekt" of GIZ (German Corporation for International Cooperation) in 2008
Kharijat ad-Drisiyat, guest house
Raqqa - remains of the southern arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)
Raqqa, Palace D, stucco decorations
Palace D; Inst.Neg. 86/1426 Floral frieze decoration
Suq ad-Diraʿ, general view of the suq
Capital of column, courtyard of Bel Temple
[ Description by author: Kapitell. Auch von der Höhe her der ideale Gartentisch ....... ]
A view of the Convent of Our Lady of Saydnaya
The arcade wall of Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance of the prayer hall
Hammam Yalbugha an-Nasiri, the cold section (barrani)
The cold section (barani) is big and composed of four vaulted iwans, each of which has a platform and arched niche to put garments in. The center of this section is an octagonal water basin with a fountain.
Near Safira, upper opening in a dome , used to fill in straw or chaff
Madrasat al-Firdaws, view to south - courtyard and arcades
A photo of the courtyard of Bayt Shaykh Qatana before demolition
Bl.aus dem Liwan ü.d. Bahra
General view of the houses of the village of Shaykh Hilal
The domed houses are of near proximity to each other and interspersed with shrubs that are often planted in the houses’ courtyards.
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Glazed pottery vessel; Palace B, ar-Raqqa; now in National Museum Damascus; Mus.Nr.16476
Jamiʿ al-Utrush, dome and muqarnas squinches of the tomb
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - a stone base (spolia) which is the cathedral baptismal font.
![Tall Brak (Nagar), ruins of Naram-Sin Palace, 3rd millennuim BC. [Original photo name: naram sin palace2]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F06%2Fshap_import_44762.webp&h=230&q=90&f=.webp)
Tall Brak (Nagar), ruins of Naram-Sin Palace, 3rd millennuim BC. [Original photo name: naram sin palace2]
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A view of al-Marqab castle located on a high hill
Tombe carved into the rock, ʿAyn as-Sahib
[ Description by author: Tele-Konverter-Ausschnitt, eindeutig auf das rechte Grab von Bild 0406 / 0408. ]
Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna
. [Original: Al-Mishrifa / Qatnâ']
Qasr al-ʿAzm, decorative niche in the dome hall
Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi, decorations at the top of tower gate
[Original: Turm links]
Madrasat al-Firdaws, Decorative details of one of the arcade columns capital
Al-Madrasa as-Sultaniyya, exterior view of northern facade - entrance, minaret and garden
Bayt Junblat, southern iwan (the great iwan)
[Original:'Qasr Jumblât, Halab / Aleppo. Der Süd(?)flügel mit dem großen Iwân, gesehen von ~ Norden, wohl aus dem Iwân des Nordflügels. Das Gebäude stammt aus der 2. Hälfte des 16. Jhs.. Vgl. Bild 1302 - 1306 !].
Excavation of Abbasid ruins in Kharab Sayyar
Entrance of the Ayyubid Mosque of Fatima, Busra
Exterior view of Krak des chevaliers (Qalʿat al-Husn)
Manbij, cemetry and new buildings in the background, view from the south
Bayt Junblat, southern iwan (the great iwan)
al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, ground plan drawing before the partial demolition
Reconstruction drawing of the intact palace before the partial demolition in the southern part (plot VII-3-1 2057 in today's borders), with additionally drawn in cadastral level, for its extension on different plots. Based on a partial survey of the Antiquities Administration (DGAM).
Maintenance work in the course of the Barada River, Damascus
View of the Madrasa al-ʿUmariyya al-Kubra from the inside
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, entrance portal, building ornaments made of carved stones
Qasr al-ʿAzm, view of the ground floor courtyard
Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, twin crusader castles, stone arch
Bayt Wakil, dome of the reception hall (qaʿa) from the inside
Spinning with a suspended spindle
Drawings by Estibaliz Sienra Iracheta to illustrate processes of traditional textile manufacturing
© SMB, Museum for Islamic Art, image: G. Niedermeiser
Gold Dinar of the Kingdom of Syria, 21 mm, 1920
Jaʿbar Castle in at-Tabqa, bastion with loopholes.
Entrance door of the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Jamiʿ at-Tawashi, eastern facade - window within a rectangular niche decorated with muqarnas
Archaeological finds from Raqqa, exhibited in the Damascus National Museum
Glass cup and drinking glass from ar-Raqqa ; National Museum Damscus
Remains of a water canal in the village of Shaykh Hilal
The village inhabitants believe this type of water canals to be Roman, although the oldest of them dates back to the Byzantine era.
A side from the ruins of Halabiyya-Zalabiyya
Old aerial photo of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya, Damascus
[Original:'Damaskus, Großes Derwisch-Kloster (Luftbild)']. The Bavarian air force division 304b was based in Palestine from 25. October 1917 and was involved in the First World War until the division left the region, over Aleppo, in mid September 1918. During that period, over 3000 glas photographs, mostly aerial, have been made. Those early photographs were important for the archaeological research in the Middle East region.
Madrasat al-Firdaws, courtyard and western arcade
Muzayrib - Ancient mill
Bimaristan Arghun, view of main courtyard
Mosaic Aphrodite and Ares, Shahba Museum
Citadel of Aleppo, Maqam Ibrahim - inscription in the courtyard
Hammam Bahram Pasha, exterior facade
The street facade of the bathhouse with striped masonry (ablaq).
Raqqa - excavations at the site "East Raqqa" - the northern complex
[ 87/ 58/ 1754] =[ photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no,].. (Naming the area of the photo was done according to the list, although some they are similar but were done in different areas.)
Tall al-Biʿa at the confluence of Euphrates and Balikh rivers
Bayt Ghazala, courtyard - northern facade
Suq Aslan Dada, general view of the suq damages, view towards south
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, arcade and the prayer hall entrance
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An old man from Al-Bab demonstrates how felt carpets were traditionally manufactured by using one´s own foot
Photographs of a manufacturing facility for felt carpets in Al Bab as part of the "Aleppo Stadtarchivprojekt" of GIZ (German Corporation for International Cooperation) in 2008
Spring pasture of sheep grazing in Badiyyat ash-Sham at Sabʿ Biyar
Izraʿ, al-Jamiʿ (Mosque) al-ʿUmari - the courtyard
Qasr al-ʿAzm, terrace with portico in the upper floor
Terrasse mit Portikus vor dem Kuppelsaal. ['Original: Hamâ (Epiphania),']
Busra, Roman Theater
Citadel of Aleppo, entrance gateways and bridge
The Bavarian air force division 304b was based in Palestine from 25. October 1917 and was involved in the First World War until the division left the region, over Aleppo, in mid September 1918. During that period, over 3000 glas photographs, mostly aerial, have been made. Those early photographs were important for the archaeological research in the Middle East.
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, Corinthian capital
[Original:'Al-Madrasa al-Halâwiya, Halab / Aleppo. Kapitell von der äußersten Säule rechts des Konchos.'].
Nahiyat Tall Tamir, Entrance corridor in front of the collapsed cupola house
The Assyrian villages on the Khabur with their domed houses were built by the French Mandate Government for Christian refugees from Turkey and Iraq.
The sanctuary (cella) of Bel Temple
[Original: Baal-Heiligtum, Cella, ca. 17 - 32 n.Chr.]
Remains of Harim Castle
View from a far to the basilica in Kharab Shams
[Original: Säulenbasilika, 4. Jh. von weitem]
البارة، معصرة زيتون، القرن 5-6 م
كانت عملية عصر الزيتون المنتج محلياً تتم بواسطة معاصر الزيت. يُظهر المصنع المحفوظ جيداً، أقسام العمل المختلفة.
Remains of arches of the Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm)
One of the towers of Qalʿat (castle) Shayzar
Western and eastern altars which are fully preserved, al-Karasi
[ Description by author: "Die Sitze". Es sind vier Altäre, die in Form einer Raute aufgestellt sind - der vierte stand hinter zwischen den beiden voll erhaltenen. Die längere Achse - hier vom rechten zwischen den beiden anderen nach links - velief S > N, die voll erhaltenen sind also der westliche und der östliche Altar. Sie tragen Inschriften in Griechisch und Aramäisch (vgl. Bild 0571, 0572 und 0574, 0575 !), die besagen, dass die Altäre im Jahre 144 n. Chr. auf Kosten des Staatsschatzes errichtet wurden. Man vermutet, dass sie dem Schutz einer neuen Obstpflanzung dienten - noch heute, wenn auch auf den Fotos nicht zu sehen, wachsen viele Bäume in der Gegend, weswegen man die Altäre auch nur schwer findet ....... - Der GPS-Tag für diese sieben Bilder ist sehr approximativ ! ]
Jisr ash-Shughur, the ruins of Qalʿat ash-Shugr wa-Bakas, a twin crusader castle
Modern painted panels with ‘Ajami decoration in Ziad Baydoun´s workshop in Malaysia
Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, clay decorations
Neg. Nr. 83/5-31A/32
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985
[1985/72/977] = [photo's name as: year/ film no./ photo no.]
Part of golden and colored mosaic, Umayyad Mosque
[ Description by author: Mittelgang, Südwand, Mittelteil.- Die Bilder 0179 - 0192 wurden mit einem High-Speed-Film gemacht, daher die mäßige Qualität ! ]
House with mud decoration as door framing in the village of Qalʿat Najm, that was flooded by the Tishrin dam
The house consists of a double-room inside. View from south east.
Bayt Wakil (Aleppo-Room Berlin), details of the painted wooden panel
The painted wood panel belongs to Wakil house in Aleppo. It represents floral patterns of multiple colours.
Wadi az-Zaydi, Ancient bridge
near Busra, Bridge
Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to west showing the destruction
This lane of the Great Bazar was specialized in spices, herbs, and essential oils. It burnt down in December 2012.
A side of the architectural remains, Mari (Tall al-Hariri)
Palmyra, the cella of Bel Temple
View from south west
![Arial view at the citadel. [S.151, Abb.168]](https://syrian-heritage.org/wp-content/plugins/justified-image-grid/timthumb.php?src=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrian-heritage.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2Fshap_import_50305-1024x697.png&h=230&q=90&f=.png)
Arial view at the citadel. [S.151, Abb.168]
Khan Ujkhan، main entrance
Suq ad-Diraʿ, a general view of the destruction of the Suq to the west
Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, Ibshir Mustafa Pasha and bathhouse of Bahram Pasha facades
The facades of the coffeehouse of the Waqf Ibshir Mustafa Pasha (left part) and the earlier bathhouse of Bahram Pasha (right side) have an extensively decorated exterior, facing one another on the street that runs east-to-west at the south of the waqf complex, which became the most decorated public street space in Aleppo.
The western entrance of Maʿbad (temple) ad-Dumayr
Bayt Dallal, decorated stone of the well
Traditional house in neighborhood "al-Almaji"
Traditional two-storey house from the late Ottoman period (19th century?): the main stonework façade on the upper floor is symmetrically accentuated by a leap forward wooden oriel, the "Kishk".
warp threads of dyed silk in the textile factory of the Mezannar family in Damascus
General view of ʿAyn Dara temple
View from the Hotel Burj al-Fardous towards Old Damascus showing the Citadel
[ Description by author: Blick vom Hotel Burj al-Farâdîs nach ~ Osten: Al-Qal'a. ]
Bridge over the Euphrates at Raqqa
Spools in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, prayer hall
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Busra, cathedral. The remains of the 6th century basilica of the martyrs Sergios, Bacchos and Leontius
Sie wurde 512/13 den Märtyrern Sergios, Bacchus und Liontius geweiht. Hier gesehen von ~ Südwesten: Blick über den Zentral"raum" mit dem Tetrakonchos (vgl. Grundriss Bild 3781 !) auf die Ostwand mit Altarraum und Nebenräumen.
Jamiʿ al-Maydani, general view
The foothills of Antilibanon- Mountains overlooking the Zabadani plain
Excavation at Tall al-Biʿa, Ancient city of Tuttul
Courtyard of the Great Mosque, Hama
Suq Aslan Dada, general view of the reconstruciton of the suq and the eastern facade of Khan as-Sabun
View to the village north of Jabal ʿAruda, graves in the foreground
Main entrance of Ibn Wardan Palace
mit reicher Verzierung und Inschrift, gesehen von ~ Süden. Noch steckt es etwa zur Hälfte im Sand .......
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, the monastery complex
Closed arched entrance, Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi
Courtyard with fountain in the family wing (so called haramlik or juwwani), Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace
Maronite Cathedral, the sanctuary
View on the Euphrates river from Dura Europos
Palmyra, Tetrapylon, rose granite columns from Aswan, 3rd century
[Original: Tetrapylon mit Rosengranitsäulen aus Assuan (nur noch eine original)]
General view of Maʿlula town
[Original: Malulla bei Damaskus, orientalischer Grundriss]
Traditional production of animal glue
The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC
al-Malikiyya - ʿAyn al-Khadra, Basalt Tomb with arabic inscription
Bayt Wakil, iwan
Aerial photograph of Barada valley in Jibal Lubnan ash-Sharqiyya (Anti Lebanon mountains)
Qanawat, Severan doorway leading to second basilica — from north
Southwest Tower, Khan al-Hallabat
[ Description by author: (der linke von Bild 0944), gesehen von Südosten. ]
Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, portal gate
Daily scene in front of some shops in Raqqa
Remains of Busra cathedral
Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Western Palace, finds
Eastern West Palace; Arch above Frieze J-i, s.SW-Neg.85/267
Warp threads of silk in the textile factory of the Mezannar family in Damascus
al-Husn Church, remains of basilica's façade, which, after its demolition, was transformed into an agricultural field
Madrasat al-Firdaws, the main entrance
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Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., West and south facades from southwest
Making pickles
View from the palm groves to the south-eastern corner of Bel Temple
Palmyra Theater, central part (valva regia) of scaenae frons
Jamiʿ as-Saffahiyya, minaret and entrance
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Front view of a Hummus shop
Khan al-Wazir, main entrance and the sabil
ʿAyn al ʿArus, Stone arcades
Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, the entrance
People gathering near a government office, Raqqa
Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, general view of the prayer hall showing the minbar
One of the entrances in Qalʿat Salah ad-Din (castle)
Bayt Junblat, southern iwan -faience tiles
Yabrud: residential houses with central hall disposition and three-arcade-motif
Street view with Mittelhallenhaus. This building along the street shows a local variation (of the Qalamun Mountains) of the house form known from Lebanon since the middle of the 19th century: shaded entrance hall with an entrance arcade of three arches on round columns on the ground floor, above it on the upper floor the repetition as open seating area with balcony in front. A symmetrical stone façade made of cleanly carved limestone and slender arched windows. These houses will probably be built in the first quarter of the twentieth century.
Near Tall Tamir, an Assyrian village, courtyard of a house with two later flattened domes of the original building
The Assyrian villages on the Khabur with their domed houses were built by the French Mandate Government for Christian refugees from Turkey and Iraq.
Eastern entrance of Suq al-Hamidiyya, Old Damascus
Qalʿat al-Marqab, Fresco in ceiling of chapel sacristy, 12th C.
Rumi motifs forming the border of the frame, Aleppo Room wall frame, early 17th century
Preparation of spools in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
View of the Orontes River with forested river banks
A Bedouin woman is weaving with a horizontal loom
Plan of Krak des Chevaliers
[Krak, Plan]
Bimaristan an-Nuri, mill stones nade of basalt
Application of the relief paste of a contemporary ‘Ajami decoration
Bab as-Salam, portal with coloured stone layers (ablaq)
Bayt Wakil, iwan
Archs: Remains of al-Ashnan watermill on the foot of Qasyun mountain
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Az-Zawiya al-Hilaliyya, wooden prayer niche
View of the Khabur River with a small noria
Minaret of the great mosque, (al-Jamiʿ al-Kabir), Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman
und Bauten aus Spolien im Innenhof. [Original: Ma'arat an-Nu'mân (Arra)']
Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, detail of modern and re-used portal (spolia)
Bimaristan Arghun, inscription
Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., central view at nave and apse
Bab al-Hadid, south-west facade of the gate tower
Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction
Qanawat, view of the nymphaeum
Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, view of the rectangular minarett above the main entrance
Pointed arch in the Najm Castle (Qalʿat Najm)
Baalshamin Temple - cella, 2nd c. AD
[ Description by author: Oberer Teil des Thalamos in der Cella, gesehen durch das Portal. ]
Burj al-Ghanam, partial view of the tower's south eastern facade
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ar-Rusafa, Capital on the interior façade of the North Gate,
Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, prayer hall
A woman showing how to card wool. She is wearing a silk Habari (head scarf)
Hand printed table cloth from Hama at Hassan's Shop, Old Damascus
Bayt Junblat, courtyard and northern iwan
Ar-Raqqa - Islamic coins discovered in the site of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq
Numairidian Coin; approx. 450 h.; Ra91-GrMo-8146 (B)
Monastery of St Simeon, Corinthian capitals decorated with wavy acanthus leaves
Capitals of the Simeon monastery are often decorated with waving acanthus leaves as a northern Syrian peculiarity.
The historical watermill of ʿAyn al-ʿArus
The minaret of Jamiʿ (Mosque) ash-Shaykh Muhyi ad-Din Ibn ʿArabi
Al Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard and prayer hall facade
Mamluk square minaret, Jamiʿ Manjak
Bimaristan an-Nuri, frame of the entrance door
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - Zengid inscription in Naskhi script
Monastery of St Simeon Stylites, external south wall of the east basilica
Jamrin - The ancient bridge over Wadi az-Zaydi
Madrasat al-Firdaws, view of the southern arcade and the prayer hall entrance
Exterior view of ad-Daydariyya cave
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Jamiʿ ash-Shuʿaybiyya, zig-zag pattern
Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, windows on the tambour of one of the domes
Making of burghul in Yabrud during the sixties
A man stirs with a shovel in a large vat during the production of the Burghul (Bulgur). In this process, the wheat grits of durum wheat or common wheat pass through the stages of paraboiling (hydrothermal pre-treatment), subsequent drying, mechanical removal of the exposed bran, cutting of the grain with a grit cutter and subsequent sieving into various grain sizes. Here we see a rural scene of traditional production by precooking the wheat in a large copper vat.
Raqqa - Remains of the southern arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)
Hama, general view of the "Four Norias", the two Bischriyyat and two Uthmaniyyat
View from southwest the Orontes/ al-ʿAsi up to the four water wheels. On the right side the terrace of an restaurant
Raʾs al-ʿAyn, view from the garden to the late Ottoman house, situated on a slope
The house consists of three wings with an Iwan in the middle (now reduced to a door) and is generally oriented to the valley in the south. The house opens to a large terrace with an Iwan in the middle and is accesible from the street on the western narrow side - not visible on the photo.
Kirkbiza in the Dead Cities: A farmer ploughing his field with a metal plough, pulled by a mule and an ox.
Busra, part of the citadel wall
Bimaristan Arghun, southern facade of main courtyard
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Bayt Ghazala, ʿajami panels decorating the southern wing ceiling in the main reception hall (qaʿa)
Aleppo's Great Mosque, renovation of the north entrance in 2018
Destroyed and damaged parts of the north portal are scaffolded for restoration
A mechanical loom in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Turbat az-Zahir Baybars, mosaic details covering the southern wall of the mausoleum
[ Description by author: Rechter Teil der ~ Westwand. (The date of this photo was not sure as Peter Heiske did [(wohl) 18/10/1998] ]
Theater, view to proscenium and scenae frons
At-Takiyya al-Mawlawiyya, the kitchen entrance
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Euphrates dam and Assad lake, Nahiyat at-Tabqa
Raqqa, Tall az-Zujaj, Block of a semi-vitrified material
Raqqa X; Glass-Tall
Busra - Jamiʿ (msoque) al-Mabrak, the courtyard
View to the Proscenium of Palmyra Theater, 2nd c. AD
Houses overlooking the Barada River in Old Damascus
Courtyard of Khan Murad Basha (Museum of Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman)
[Original: Khan Murad Pascha, osman. (heute Mosaiken-Museum)]
View from the north to the middle overbuilt part of the suq (bazaar) of Khan al-Harir (right)
Irrigation fields of ʿAyn at-Tina in Qalamun (mountainous region in southwest Syria)
The village itself lies in the middle ground above the level of the irrigated field terraces: In the background, the Eocene limestone layer of the Jebel Maaloula with up to 1913 m above sea level.
Tetrapylon and Colonnaded Street, 3rd century AD
The Tetrapylon marks a slight change of direction and an intersection in the course of the colonnaded street. It completely lies in ruins after the explosion.
Southwest side of the Byzantine Basilica, Qalʿat Burqush
[ Description by author: der byzantinischen Basilika. Sie dienten zur Erweiterung der Terrasse des römischen Tempels nach Südwesten. Hier zu sehen die Südwest-Seite. Sie ist eingestürzt, so dass man die gegenüberliegende Wand der ersten Halle mit den Ansätzen der Gewölbe-Gurte sieht. Gesehen von ~ Südwesten.- Für alle Burqush-Bilder gilt: die GPS-Tags sind nur approximativ, aber sicher sehr nahe am Punkt. ]
Izraʿ - Kanisat (church) Mar Jirjis from the inside
A part of at-Takiyya as-Sulaymaniyya, showing a vaulted arcade and the two minarets of the mosque
Burj al-Ghanam, general view of the tower's west-south corner
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Hand carved wood block used for printing fabrics
Remains of Zeus Temple (Seraya), Qanawat
[Original: Perystlilhof mit einfachen Säulen mit Plattenkapiteller auf hohen Basen]
Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, inscription above the entrance of additional prayer hall (al-Hijaziyya)
B63 Film-VI Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, entrance of the additional prayer hall (Hijaziyya)
Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, entrance - a stone base (spolia) which is the cathedral baptismal font
Face sculpture, Zenobia Hotel
[ Description by author: Eingelassen in einer Wand des Hotels. Vermutlich handelt es sich um ein Stück der Verschlussplatte eines Loculus, vgl. Bild 0857 ! ]
Ghuta of Damascus, an old irrigation canal, 1963
The farmers of the Ghuta were able to benefit from the Barada and al-'Awaj rivers in the most possible way, through a water distribution system. The Barada River was divided into seven branches, as well as a subnet of canals covering all the lands of the Ghuta. The inhabitants of the Ghuta did not rely only on the water coming from these two rivers for the irrigation of their orchards, but rather they dug dozens of wells to benefit from the groundwater as well.
Qanawat, Ruins of the Temple of Rabbos
Remains of the Praetorium from east, Balis (Barbalassos)
A mechanical loom in the textile factory of the Mezannar family
Kharbaqa Dam: One of the dams that were built to limit seasonal flood waters in the Badiyya
View of the Tetrapylon at the sunset
[ Description by author: Abendstimmung. Gesehen von ~ Nordosten - der GPS-Tag ist approximativ ! ]