An inscription on the wall of Damascus Citadel

An inscription on the wall of Damascus Citadel

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Raqqa, enclosure wall and arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)

Raqqa, enclosure wall and arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)

An Arabic inscription on the wall of Qal‘at Shayzar

An Arabic inscription on the wall of Qal‘at Shayzar

Bayt Ghazala, ʿajami wall panels decorating the main hall (qaʿa)

Bayt Ghazala, ʿajami wall panels decorating the main hall (qaʿa)

Fresco on the western wall of the church, Monastery of Mar Musa al-Habashi

Fresco on the western wall of the church, Monastery of Mar Musa al-Habashi

Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, a wall topped with domes on pendentives

Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, a wall topped with domes on pendentives

General view showing the remains of city wall

General view showing the remains of city wall

Remains City Wall and Ibn Maʿn Castle in the back

Remains City Wall and Ibn Maʿn Castle in the back

General view showing the remains of city wall on the right

General view showing the remains of city wall on the right

Southwest wall of the Agora

Southwest wall of the Agora

Motifs of quarter flowers in Kara Memi, Aleppo Room wall frame, early 17th century

Motifs of quarter flowers in Kara Memi, Aleppo Room wall frame, early 17th century

ar-Rusafa, North Gate of the city wall, interior

ar-Rusafa, North Gate of the city wall, interior

A gathering of men in a reception room with wall textile cover

A gathering of men in a reception room with wall textile cover

al-Husn Church, remains of basilica's wall, which constitue the boundary of an agricultural field

al-Husn Church, remains of basilica’s wall, which constitue the boundary of an agricultural field

Part of the of the city wall of Damascus

Part of the of the city wall of Damascus

An aerial photograph of the city of Raqqa, showing the wall and the old mosque (original photo: Mohamad Al-Roumi)

An aerial photograph of the city of Raqqa, showing the wall and the old mosque (original photo: Mohamad Al-Roumi)

Stage of the Roman Theater and the adjacent wall of the Islamic Citadel, Busra

Stage of the Roman Theater and the adjacent wall of the Islamic Citadel, Busra

Damascus, part of the city wall and the eastern tower

Damascus, part of the city wall and the eastern tower

ar-Rusafa, general view of Basilica B, cisterns and city wall

ar-Rusafa, general view of Basilica B, cisterns and city wall

Colorful ornamental motifs on ablaq wall, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya

Colorful ornamental motifs on ablaq wall, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya

Ruins of the wall of Qalʿat Shumaymis (castle)

Ruins of the wall of Qalʿat Shumaymis (castle)

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

Inside the city wall, excavation work, Qatna

al-Husn Church, remains of basilica's wall, which constitue the boundary of an agricultural field

al-Husn Church, remains of basilica’s wall, which constitue the boundary of an agricultural field

Busra, the western wall and the apse are the remains of the Byzantine Cathedral built in the 6th century

Busra, the western wall and the apse are the remains of the Byzantine Cathedral built in the 6th century

Traditional patchwork wall hangings, in which small things might be stored

Traditional patchwork wall hangings, in which small things might be stored

Mausoleum az-Zahir Baybars, mosaics covering the southern wall

Mausoleum az-Zahir Baybars, mosaics covering the southern wall

Mausoleum az-Zahir Baybars, mosaics covering the southern wall

Mausoleum az-Zahir Baybars, mosaics covering the southern wall

Nahiyat Tall Tamir, Baking flat breads on the tannur wall (tannur deepened in the ground)

Nahiyat Tall Tamir, Baking flat breads on the tannur wall (tannur deepened in the ground)