Madrasat al-Firdaws, Decorative details of one of the arcade columns capital

Madrasat al-Firdaws, Decorative details of one of the arcade columns capital

Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, the entrance

Al-Madrasa al-Muqaddamiyya, the entrance

Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), western facade and dome

Turbat Khaʾirbak (mausoleum), western facade and dome

Al-Madrasa ash-Sharafiyya, interior view of lobed dome carried by muqarnas

Al-Madrasa ash-Sharafiyya, interior view of lobed dome carried by muqarnas

Remains of vaults in Halabiya-Zalabiya

Remains of vaults in Halabiya-Zalabiya

Bimaristan an-Nuri, frame of the entrance door

Bimaristan an-Nuri, frame of the entrance door

Remains of the Halabiyya fortifications, 8th-9th century BC

Remains of the Halabiyya fortifications, 8th-9th century BC

Busra, Hammam Manjak, Islamic Museum

Busra, Hammam Manjak, Islamic Museum

Jamiʿ al-Utrush, view of the western facade and dome of the mausoleum

Jamiʿ al-Utrush, view of the western facade and dome of the mausoleum

Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, modern and re-used portal (spolia)

Al-Matbakh al-ʿAjami, modern and re-used portal (spolia)

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, prayer hall - the muqarnas squinch of the dome

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, prayer hall – the muqarnas squinch of the dome

Raqqa, Grand Abbasid Mosque - Plan

Raqqa, Grand Abbasid Mosque – Plan

A Kurdish woman with a prayer rug made of wool with embroidery

A Kurdish woman with a prayer rug made of wool with embroidery

Hammam Bahram Basha, the cold section (barrani)

Hammam Bahram Basha, the cold section (barrani)

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, portal gate

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, portal gate

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, niche (mihrab) in the prayer hall

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, niche (mihrab) in the prayer hall

Citadel of Aleppo, minaret of the Great Mosque

Citadel of Aleppo, minaret of the Great Mosque

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, niche (mihrab) in the prayer hall

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, niche (mihrab) in the prayer hall

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, prayer hall

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, prayer hall

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard and iwan

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard and iwan

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, interior view of prayer hall dome

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, interior view of prayer hall dome

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, courtyard

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, gate portal

Al-Madrasa al-Kamiliyya, gate portal

Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, inscription above the hall entrance

Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, inscription above the hall entrance

Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, iwan

Al-Madrasa al-Hallawiyya, iwan

Habuba Kabira, Mud brick construction - connection of wall, belt arch and dome rounding

Habuba Kabira, Mud brick construction – connection of wall, belt arch and dome rounding

Habuba Kabira, Milking a goat in the courtyard: Grandmother and granddaughters

Habuba Kabira, Milking a goat in the courtyard: Grandmother and granddaughters

Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, general view from the outside

Al-Madrasa az-Zahiriyya, general view from the outside

Horse harness manufacturer in the town of ar-Raqqa

Horse harness manufacturer in the town of ar-Raqqa

Daily life scene in the city of Raqqa

Daily life scene in the city of Raqqa