Qalʿat al-Marqab (Castle), Central courtyard and chapel

Qalʿat al-Marqab (Castle), Central courtyard and chapel

Khan Qurtbak, southern part of Khan - the inner courtyard and the iwan of the Mamluk palace

Khan Qurtbak, southern part of Khan – the inner courtyard and the iwan of the Mamluk palace

Raqqa, Great Mosque (al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq), the courtyard

Raqqa, Great Mosque (al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq), the courtyard

The courtyard of al-Jami‘ al-ʿUmari in Busra

The courtyard of al-Jami‘ al-ʿUmari in Busra

A circular skylight opening of Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm's courtyard (collapsed central dome)

A circular skylight opening of Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm’s courtyard (collapsed central dome)

Jabla, Pond in the courtyard of as-Sultan Ibrahim Mosque

Jabla, Pond in the courtyard of as-Sultan Ibrahim Mosque

Courtyard looking north, Qalʿat Samʿan (Monastery of St Simeon Stylites)

Courtyard looking north, Qalʿat Samʿan (Monastery of St Simeon Stylites)

Dar'a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - The minaret and the courtyard

Dar’a, al-Jamiʿ (mosque) al-ʿUmari – The minaret and the courtyard

Busra - al-Jami‘ (mosque) al-ʿUmari - courtyard surrounded by arcades

Busra – al-Jami‘ (mosque) al-ʿUmari – courtyard surrounded by arcades

Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila - courtyard and ablutions basin

Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila – courtyard and ablutions basin

Courtyard of Khan Murad Basha (Museum of Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman)

Courtyard of Khan Murad Basha (Museum of Maʿarrat an-Nuʿman)

Khan Sulayman Basha, view into the courtyard

Khan Sulayman Basha, view into the courtyard

Raqqa, Qasr (Palace) al-Banat, an octagonal basin in the centre of the courtyard

Raqqa, Qasr (Palace) al-Banat, an octagonal basin in the centre of the courtyard

A fountain rich in geometric decorations in the northern arcade of the courtyard, Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace

A fountain rich in geometric decorations in the northern arcade of the courtyard, Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm Palace

Preparing dinner in the courtyard of a mud brick house in the outskirts of Raqqa

Preparing dinner in the courtyard of a mud brick house in the outskirts of Raqqa

Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila, courtyard and ablution fountain

Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Hanabila, courtyard and ablution fountain

Masbanat (soap factory) az-Zanabili, Aerial views of the courtyard and the domed first

Masbanat (soap factory) az-Zanabili, Aerial views of the courtyard and the domed first

A Waterspout of the ablution fountain in the courtyard of al-Adilliyya Mosque

A Waterspout of the ablution fountain in the courtyard of al-Adilliyya Mosque

View of the courtyard of Khan al-Wazir

View of the courtyard of Khan al-Wazir

Masbanat (soap factory) az-Zanabili, Aerial views of the courtyard and the domed first

Masbanat (soap factory) az-Zanabili, Aerial views of the courtyard and the domed first

Temporary storage of sorted stones, Great Umayyad mosque, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.32_storage of sorted stones in courtyard

Courtyard of the Great Mosque, Hama

Courtyard of the Great Mosque, Hama

The Dome of the Clock, courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque

The Dome of the Clock, courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with northern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with northern Iwan

ar-Raqqa - Qasr al-Banat, the courtyard surrounded by four iwans

ar-Raqqa – Qasr al-Banat, the courtyard surrounded by four iwans

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with southern Iwan

Raqqa, Qasr al-Banat, courtyard with southern Iwan

Raqqa - Qasr al-Banat, inner courtyard

Raqqa – Qasr al-Banat, inner courtyard

In the outer courtyard of the ʿAzm-Palace, now the museum of the arts and popular traditions of Damascus

In the outer courtyard of the ʿAzm-Palace, now the museum of the arts and popular traditions of Damascus

Near Tall Tamir, an Assyrian village, courtyard of a house with two later flattened domes of the original building

Near Tall Tamir, an Assyrian village, courtyard of a house with two later flattened domes of the original building

Habuba Kabira, in the courtyard clay bricks are lying out to dry

Habuba Kabira, in the courtyard clay bricks are lying out to dry