Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Abacus of collapse mechanisms of churches, lines of vulnerability, San Salvatore a Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig.17-b-3b_collapse mechanism in the plane of the facade

Damage pattern, loose construction elements, remaining after a hole caused by shelling, Madrasat al-Firdaws, Aleppo

Fig. 19, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, gap and bursting in a terracotta relief, Admiralspalast, fassade Planckstraße, Berlin

Fig. 23, Catalogue of Damage

Example: rectified photography, Berlin, Admiralspalast, façade Planckstrasse

Fig.16_Rectified photography

Simulation of collapse of a façade, lines of vulnerability, San Salvatore a Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig.17-a_Simulation of-lines of vulnerability

Abacus of collapse mechanisms of churches, lines of vulnerability, San Salvatore a Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig.17-b-1b_collapse mechanism, overturning of the facade

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Previous state, ornamental detail in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a1_Close-up view of ornamental panel

One of the towers of Damascus Citadel

One of the towers of Damascus Citadel

Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Previous state, ornamental detail in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a4_Close-up view of carved ornamental star

Reconstruction (drawing) of the missing part of the main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-b_Marking missing stones after partial collapse

Bayt Junblat, ground plan

Bayt Junblat, ground plan

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad – sherds

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad – sherds

Numbering application example for floors based on a room in Bayt Ghazala

Bayt-Ghazala_room-19_floors

Habuba Kabira, upper part of a cantilever dome construction

Habuba Kabira, upper part of a cantilever dome construction

Habuba Kabira, how three cantilever domes are connected (two cantilever domes are posed on a relieving arch)

Habuba Kabira, how three cantilever domes are connected (two cantilever domes are posed on a relieving arch)

Habuba Kabira, construction of cantilever domes

Habuba Kabira, construction of cantilever domes

Habuba Kabira, View from the inside of the room while constructing the dome

Habuba Kabira, View from the inside of the room while constructing the dome

Habuba Kabira, Mud brick construction - connection of wall, belt arch and dome rounding

Habuba Kabira, Mud brick construction – connection of wall, belt arch and dome rounding

Orientation plan example for walls based on room 07 in Bayt Ghazala

Bayt-Ghazala_room-07_walls

Habuba Kabira, plastering of the domes after completion of the shell

Habuba Kabira, plastering of the domes after completion of the shell

Bayt Wakil, fountain of the reception hall (qaʿa)

Bayt Wakil, fountain of the reception hall (qaʿa)

Habuba Kabira, view into a plastered cantilever dome with openings and decorative layer

Habuba Kabira, view into a plastered cantilever dome with openings and decorative layer

Numbering sequence example based on the plan of Bayt Ghazala

Orientation-system_L00_Bayt-Ghazala

Bayt Wakil, detail of windows and courtyard decoration

Bayt Wakil, detail of windows and courtyard decoration

Bayt Ajiqbash, view of the courtyard interior

Bayt Ajiqbash, view of the courtyard interior

Bayt Ajiqbash, Ground floor plan

Bayt Ajiqbash, Ground floor plan