Madrasat al-Firdaws, a view of the courtyard and the southern arcade

Madrasat al-Firdaws, a view of the courtyard and the southern arcade

View to northeast, Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn

View to northeast, Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn

Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, general view into the turba

Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, general view into the turba

Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, general view of the entrance

Al-Madrasa al-Ahmadiyya, general view of the entrance

Citadel of Aleppo, general view of the Gate Tower

Citadel of Aleppo, general view of the Gate Tower

Citadel of Aleppo, general view of the Gate Tower

Citadel of Aleppo, general view of the Gate Tower

View from Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn towards the Valley of the Tombs

View from Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn towards the Valley of the Tombs

Burj Alaʾ, general view of the tower

Burj Alaʾ, general view of the tower

The view of a wall in Shayzar Castle shows three tipped arched niches, each with an entrances and a window.

The view of a wall in Shayzar Castle shows three tipped arched niches, each with an entrances and a window.

General view of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn

General view of Qalʿat Ibn Maʿn

Bab Qinnasrin, general view of the gate's tower with its machicolations and parapets

Bab Qinnasrin, general view of the gate’s tower with its machicolations and parapets

Bab Qinnasrin (city gate), general view from the outside

Bab Qinnasrin (city gate), general view from the outside

Bayt Dallal, courtyard view from the iwan

Bayt Dallal, courtyard view from the iwan

Bayt Ghazala, interior view - dome of the main hall (qaʿa)

Bayt Ghazala, interior view – dome of the main hall (qaʿa)

Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, interior view of the hall dome

Jamiʿ Aslan Dada, interior view of the hall dome

At-Takiyya al-Ikhlasiyya (az-Zawiya ar-Rifaʿiyya), general view of the northern facade

At-Takiyya al-Ikhlasiyya (az-Zawiya ar-Rifaʿiyya), general view of the northern facade

Bab Antakiya, general view of the gate with the city's wall

Bab Antakiya, general view of the gate with the city’s wall

Madrasat al-Firdaws, general view to north - courtyard, eastern arcade and iwan

Madrasat al-Firdaws, general view to north – courtyard, eastern arcade and iwan

Burj Alaʾ, general view of the southern facade of the tower with its machicolations and parapets

Burj Alaʾ, general view of the southern facade of the tower with its machicolations and parapets

Suq al-Hamidiyya

Suq al-Hamidiyya

A two-story building in a village in Ghuta

A two-story building in a village in Ghuta

General view of Bel Temple with the palm trees

General view of Bel Temple with the palm trees

SYRIAN HERITAGE ARCHIVE

Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction

Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction

STUNDE NULL (2019 – 2020)

9 Sultan Kitaz-Aleppo-

9 Sultan Kitaz-Aleppo-

Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction

Suq al-ʿAttarin, view to east showing the destruction

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Previous state, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a_Main front in 1995, with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Numbering sequence example based on the Plan of al-Madrasa al-Halawiyya

Measurement plan with arrows for numbering sequence