The south-western tower of Damascus Citadel

The south-western tower of Damascus Citadel

Inner courtyard, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya

Inner courtyard, Jamiʿ as-Sinaniyya

General view of Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Imam Ismaʿil

General view of Jamiʿ (mosque) al-Imam Ismaʿil

Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Reconstruction (drawing) of the missing part of the main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-b_Marking missing stones after partial collapse

Previous state, inscription in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a3_Close-up view of inscription

Previous state, ornamental detail in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a2_Close-up view of ornamental medallion/ window

Interior view, courtyard of Jamiʿ al-Imam Ismaʿil

Interior view, courtyard of Jamiʿ al-Imam Ismaʿil

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Great Mosque, Minaret

Great Mosque, Minaret

Damascus citadel from the inside, round 1930

Damascus citadel from the inside, round 1930

Tower north of Bab Antakiya. Condition after partial collapse

Fig.41-c_Rubble management_Partial collapse of façade in 2019

Previous state, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a_Main front in 1995, with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Previous state, ornamental detail in main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41-a4_Close-up view of carved ornamental star

Great Mosque, Minaret

Great Mosque, Minaret

Aleppo Great Mosque, minaret, foundation inscriptions on the base

Aleppo Great Mosque, minaret, foundation inscriptions on the base

Great Mosque, top of the minaret

Great Mosque, top of the minaret

Burj as-Saʿa, general view

Burj as-Saʿa, general view

Great Mosque, Minaret

Great Mosque, Minaret

General view of Damascus citadel from northwest

General view of Damascus citadel from northwest

Burj as-Saʿa, mechanical clock

Burj as-Saʿa, mechanical clock

Madrasat al-Firdaws, view to south - courtyard and arcades

Madrasat al-Firdaws, view to south – courtyard and arcades

View from the west, courtyard of Umayyad Mosque

View from the west, courtyard of Umayyad Mosque

Previous state 1995, main façade of the fortified tower north of Bab Antakiya, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.41_View with ornamental details, spolia, and a coat of arms

Roman tower tomb in Sarrin

Roman tower tomb in Sarrin

Burj as-Saʿa, inscription

Burj as-Saʿa, inscription

Burj as-Saʿa, upper part of the entrance

Burj as-Saʿa, upper part of the entrance

Busra, Part of the citadel wall

Busra, Part of the citadel wall

Burj as-Saʿa, qastal window

Burj as-Saʿa, qastal window