Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Damascus, the eastern part of the city wall near to Bab Kisan

Fortification tower north of the Bab Antakiya, view during the removal of historical annexes

Fortification tower north of the Bab Antakiya, view during the removal of historical annexes

Burj al-Ghanam, partial view of the tower's south eastern facade

Burj al-Ghanam, partial view of the tower’s south eastern facade

Burj Alaʾ, general view of the tower's facade

Burj Alaʾ, general view of the tower’s facade

Bab Qinnasrin (city gate), inscription beside the gate from the outside

Bab Qinnasrin (city gate), inscription beside the gate from the outside

The general structure of the example dome house in Taanayel (Libanon) before the end of the construction process

The general structure of the example dome house in Taanayel (Libanon) before the end of the construction process

Part of a decorated wooden door with ‘Ajami decoration from the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology

Part of a decorated wooden door with ‘Ajami decoration from the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology

In the Syrian desert: the separation of the living and the storage compartment in a bedouin tent with the help of a stick mat (arab. zarb)

In the Syrian desert: the separation of the living and the storage compartment in a bedouin tent with the help of a stick mat (arab. zarb)

Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)

Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)

Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)

Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)

General view of defensive tower to the north of city gate Bab Antakiya

General view image

Hammam Bahram Basha, the main facade after the destruction

Hammam Bahram Basha, the main facade after the destruction

Damage pattern, loose construction elements, remaining after a hole caused by shelling, Madrasat al-Firdaws, Aleppo

Fig. 19, Catalogue of Damage

Aleppo's Great Mosque, renovation of the north entrance in 2018

Aleppo’s Great Mosque, renovation of the north entrance in 2018

Bouquet of flowers and fruits in bowls on the wooden panels of Bayt ad-Dahhan (Funduq Qasr al-Mansuriyya), 18th century

Bouquet of flowers and fruits in bowls on the wooden panels of Bayt ad-Dahhan (Funduq Qasr al-Mansuriyya), 18th century

Burj al-Ghanam, general view of the tower's west-south corner

Burj al-Ghanam, general view of the tower’s west-south corner

Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.

Great Mosque of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 8th/12th C.

Baghdad Gate of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 10th c. onwards

Baghdad Gate of Raqqa-Rafiqa, 10th c. onwards

Bouquet of flowers and fruits in bowls on the wooden panels of Bayt ad-Dahhan (Funduq Qasr al-Mansuriyya), 18th century

Bouquet of flowers and fruits in bowls on the wooden panels of Bayt ad-Dahhan (Funduq Qasr al-Mansuriyya), 18th century

Part of a decorated wooden door with ‘Ajami decoration from the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology

Part of a decorated wooden door with ‘Ajami decoration from the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology

Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)

Qalb Lawza, Basilica of 5th c., decorative door of reliquary room in southern facade (east)

Burj al-Ghanam, tower's southern facade with its machicolation

Burj al-Ghanam, tower’s southern facade with its machicolation

Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior

Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior

The south-western tower of Damascus Citadel

The south-western tower of Damascus Citadel

Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior

Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, interior

Damage pattern, delamination/ separation of wall leaves, ar-Rumi mosque, Aleppo

Fig. 12, Catalogue of Damage

The lower part of the lion of goddess Al-Lat, 1st c. AD

The lower part of the lion of goddess Al-Lat, 1st c. AD

Damage pattern, delamination/ separation of wall leaves, San Salvatore, Campi, Perugia, Italy

Fig. 14-b, Catalogue of Damage

Damage pattern, wall bulging

Fig. 10, Catalogue of Damage

View of wall in danger of collapse, after partial collapse of lower part in Bayt Ghazala (house), Aleppo, Syria

Fig.45-b_wall in danger of collapse